CONTENTS. XXi 
CHAPTER LVI. 
PROPAGATION OF TREES. 
Propagating.—Contrast of Theory and Practical Knowledge.—Meth- 
ods of Propagating.—Varieties from Original Species, How Pro- 
duced.—Seeding.—Time and Manner of Sowing, with Necessary 
Considerations.—Preparation of the Soil.—Cuttings.—What they 
Are.—When, Where, and What to Select.—Period of Longevity, 
How Ascertained.—Cause of Decay in Cuttings.—Characteristics of 
their Growth.— How Set Out.— Evergreens.—When Propagated 
from Cuttings. — ‘Necessary Precautions. — Layering. — Origin of 
Method. — Governing Laws of Growth in Layers. —Methods of 
Layering Described.—Budding.—Inserted and Annular Budding, 
How Performed.—Object of the Methods.—Seasonable Time for 
Operating.—Grafting.—The Splice, Saddle, and Cleft Modes Sepa- 
rately Explained.—Pruning.—The Object of Pruning and the Ben- 
Efits Effected there yes... vie :c-o sicsiersiees eiewireanvaeeiayare oie Page 210 
CHAPTER LYVII. 
ON PLANTING. 
What to Plant.—Preparation of the Soil.—Influence of Soil, Situa- 
tion, and Climate on Certain Species. — Dr. John A. Warden’s 
Facts in Connection with Tree-planting. — Congenial Soil of Spe- 
cies.— On Natural and Artificial Grouping.— Dispersion of Spe- 
cies, to What Due.—Base of Successful Forestry.—Combined Spe- 
cies and Obnoxious Exceptions.—On Planting for Shelter-hedge or 
Screen. — Species Adapted to each Purpose. — On Planting Hill- 
sides. — A Philosophical Suggestion. — The Notching or Pitting 
Process for the Production of Stock Plants. — Separated Existence 
of Certain Species, and Care Necessary to their Successful Produc- 
tion.—Nurses.—What they Are.—Uses for which Designed.—Spe- 
cies most Easily Produced or Obtained.—Manner of Planting, and 
their Utility. — Nurses in Use for Specified Species. — Nurses as a 
Source of Profit. — On Close Planting and its Resulting Economy. 
—Rapidity of Growth of Hardy Trees. — Transplanting Seedlings. 
—Transplanting Trees of Large Size..............-0..0e000e 226 
CHAPTER LVIII. 
MEDICINAL PROPERTIES OF THE TREES OF THE UNITED STATES... 243 
