106 TREES AND TREE-PLANTING. 
The grain is straight and without knots, but is composed 
mostly of sap-wood, and warps very badly on exposure 
to the weather. 
SCOTCH PINE. 
This tree, which very much resembles the yellow pine, 
has given rise to a great deal of controversy as to its 
relative merits as compared with the white pine. Euro- 
pean arborists claim that it is much superior to the white 
pine, but this claim Americans refuse to admit; but it is 
hardly fair to make a comparison, as the two trees are 
so dissimilar. I cannot too strongly recommend this 
tree, as it is easily cultivated, very hardy, and widely 
known as a first-class lumber tree. 
AUSTRIAN PINE. 
- This tree, which to my mind, on close inspection, is 
stiff and formal, is recommended by Bryant, Loudon, Bay- 
reuth, and others as a very ornamental tree. It is found 
mostly in Austria and the adjacent country; is cultivated 
chiefly for its turpentine and as fuel; its timber is very 
tough and durable. It has a very picturesque appear- 
ance when seen singly from a distance. It makes splen- 
did wind-breaks. 
SCRUB PINE. 
Found in New Jersey, Pennsylvania, and some of the 
adjacent states. It is a low, dwarfish tree, and is fit for 
absolutely nothing, being the poorest one of its species. 
CORSICAN PINE. 
This tree, which is a native of Corsica, is very valuable 
as a lumber tree, and reaches the height of from one 
hundred to one hundred and forty feet. It is very short- 
lived and of very rapid growth, growing very nearly 
three feet in one year; its growth is just about two 
thirds as fast again as the Scotch pine. Loudon speaks 
of a tree in the garden of the Horticultural Society of Lon- 
don which at the age of twelve years, in 1834, was twenty 
