INDEX. 



319 



Sobulze's macerating fluid, lOS 



Sohwarz on proteids, etc., 231 



Schwendener and Erabbe on dia- 

 heliotropism, 174 ; on growth 

 and plasmolygis, 135 



Seeds, dry, withstand heat, 11; 

 oily, germination of, 8 ; respira- 

 tion of, 1 ; variable rate of swell- 

 ing of, 106 



Sempervivum used in experiments 

 on ash, 284 



Setaria italica, cotyledon alone 

 sensitive to Ught, 167 



Sioyos, tendrils, 184 



Sinapis, negative heliotropic roots 

 of, 166; -roots, growth of in 

 light and darkness, 149 



Sleep of leaves, 203-205 



Soda-lime, use of in culture without 

 COj, 25 



Solutions, standard, required for 

 experiments on metabolism, 306 



Soxhlet's apparatus, use of, 224 



Sparganium, used in experiments 



on metabolism, 295 

 ; Sparmannia, for experiments on 



root-pressure, 68 

 , Spectroscope, use of in examination 

 of chlorophyll solution, 45 



Spirogyra, assimilation of formal- 

 dehyde by, 30 ; used in experi- 

 ments on metabohsm, 294, 



Splint-wood, permeability of, 81 



Spores of fungi, germination of, 64 



Spring-balance, used in transpira- 

 tion experiments, 91 



Stahl, on geotropic growth in- 

 fluenced by light, 178 ; on 

 movements of ohloroplasts, 198 ; 

 on sun and shade leaves, 50 



Stamens, of Berberis irritable, 194; 

 of Centaurea irritable, 196 



Starch, see also Diastase; 272; 

 disappearance of in darkness, 19 ; 

 estimation of, 274 ; experiments 

 on, 275, 289, 295, 299, 300, 302, 

 303, 304; extraction of, 225, 

 226, 273; formation of depen- 

 dent on presence of COj , 23-25 ; 

 affected by temperature, 26 



Starch-formers, 30 



Starch in leaves, used to print 

 photographic negatives, 21 ; ma- 

 croscopic tests for, 17, 18 ; pro- 

 ducts of hydrolysis of, 273, 289 ; 

 viewed with polarisoope, 108 



Sterilisation, methods of in culture 

 of fungi, 61 



Stigma, irritable in Mimnlus, 195 



Stimulus, transmission of in Mi- 

 mosa, 187 ; in heliotropic curva- 

 ture, 167 ; in Drosera, 193 



Stipa-awn, imbibition affected by 

 temperature, and by salt solu- 

 tion, 104 ; mechanism of twist- 

 ing, 105 ; hygrometer made of, 

 94 



Stomata, 93 ; blocked by water, 

 97 ; closure of, 98 ; connection 

 with intercellular spaces of, 95 ; 

 effect of electricity on, 99 ; in- 

 jection of leaves by means of, 

 96 



Stomatal transpiration, 93, 94 



Strasburger, on absorption by dead 

 roots, 71 n. ; his air-pump ex- 

 periment (transpiration) , 87 ; on 

 leucoplasts, 30 



Succulents, fixation of oxygen by, 

 9 ; increase in acidity of, 9 



Sucrose, see Cane-Sugar 



Sugar, assimilation of, 28 



Sugars, 258 ; extraction of, 224, 

 225 ; fermentable, 260 ; es- 

 timation of mixed, 267 ; experi- 

 ments on, 257, 270, 283, 298, 

 299 ; qualitative tests for, 263 ; 

 separation of from dextrins, 263 



Sulphating ash of tissues, 280 



Sulphuric acid, see Acids ; use of 

 in extraction, 225 



Sun and shade leaves, 50 



Sunshine, effect on transpiration 

 of, 77 



Sutton, Volumetric Analysis, 221 



Symphorioarpus, torsion of inter- 

 nodes of, 181 



Synaptase, see Ferments 



Syringa, diaheliotropism, 168 



Tannins, 248, 257; extraction of, 

 224, 249; qualitative tests for. 



