180 ACANTHOPTERTGII. 



Hist. Pise. p. 22.3. The Lumf-suclcer, Pennant, Brit. Zool. (Ed. 1776) iii, p. 133, 

 pi. xxi (Ed. 1812) iii, p. 176, pi. xxiv. Oncotion, No. 1, 2, 3, Klein, MSS. Pise. 

 iv, p. 49, t. xiv, f. 5 ; Ascan. Icon. t. xxxiv. The Lump-fish, Low, Nat. Hist, of 

 Orkneys, p. 177. 



Gyclopterus Iwmpus, Linn. Syst. Nat. i, p. 414 and Faun. Snec. p. 320 ; Bonn. 

 Atl. Ich. p. 26, pi. XX. f. 63 ; Fabr. Faun. Gronl. p. 131 ; Mohr. Isl. Nat. p. 61 

 Blocli, Fis. Deut. ii, p. 103, pi. xe ; Bl. Sclin. p. 197 ; Lacep. ii, p. 52, pi. iii, f. 1 

 Gmel. Linn. p. 1473 ; lliill. Prod. Zool. Dan. p. 39 ; Donovan, Brit. Fish, i, pi. x 

 Turton, Brit. Fauna, p. 115 ; Cuv. Reg. Anim. ; Faber, Fis. Isl. p. 49 ; Retz. Faun, 

 p. 327 ; Rich. Faun. Bor. Amer. Fishes, p. 260 ; Ekstr. Fisk. Morko, p. 108 ; 

 Nilss. Prod. p. 61 and Skand. Faun. Fisk. p. 232 ; Fries, Vet. Akad. Hand. 1838^ 

 t. iv, f. 1 ; Templeton, Mag. Nat. Hist. (2) 1837, i, p. 412 ; Johnston, Berwiek, 

 Nat. Club. 1838, i, p. 174; Diiben and Koren, Vet. Akad. Handl. 1844, p. 116 

 t. iii, f. 8 ; Tarrell, Brit. Fish. (Ed. 1) ii, p. 270, c. fig. (Ed. 2) ii, p. 365 (Ed. 3) 

 i, p. 343 ; Flem. Brit. An. p. 190 ; Kroyer, Dan. Fis. ii, p. 489 ; Parnell, Wem. 

 Mem. vii, p. 380 and Fish. Firth of Forth, p. 220 ; Swainson, Fishes, ii, p. 339 ; 

 Jenyns, Man. p. 471 ; Gronov. ed. Gray, p. 39 ; Gaim. Voy. Isl. &c. pi. viii ; 

 Thompson, N. Hist. Ireland, iv. p. 215 ; Giinther, Catal. viii, p. 155 ; White, Catal. 

 Fish. p. 109 ; Gill, Pro. Ac. N. Sc. Phil. 1864, p. 190 ; Schlegel, Dieren Ned. 

 p. 58, t. vi, f. 1 ; Mcintosh, Fish. N. Uist, P. R. Soc. Ed. V. 1862-66, p. 614 

 (ijoung) and Fish. St. Andrew's, p. 174 ; Gollett, Norges Fiske, p. 63 ; Winther, 

 Prod. Ich. Dan. Mar. 1879, p. 19 ; Moreau, Poiss. France, iii, p. 349. 



Cyclopterus pavoninus, Shaw, Nat. Misc. ix, p. 310 (young male). 



Gyclopterus cceruleus, Mitchell, Trans. Lit. and Phil. Sc. New York, i, p. 480, 

 pi. ii, f. 7. 



Lumpus Anglorum, De Kay, New York Faun. Fishes, p. 305, pi. liv, f. 175. 



Gyclopterus coronatus, Couch, Corn. Fauna, p. 47, Ann. Nat. Hist, ii, p. 382 ; 

 Thompson, An. and Mag. Nat. Hist, v, p. 9, and Nat. Hist. Ireland, iv, p. 216. 



Gohius minutus, Miill. Zool. Dan. p. 38, t. oliv, B. f. 1-3 (young). 



Gyclopterus minutus, I'all. Spic. Zool. vii, p. 12, t. iii, f. 7-9 ; Rich. 1. c. p. 262 ; 

 Kroyer, 1. c. ii, p. 491 ; Cuv. Reg. Anim. 



Lepadogaster minutns, Bl. Schn. p. 3. 



Lump-fish, Couch, Fish. Brit. Isles, ii, p. 183, pi. cv. 



B. vi, D. 4-6/10-11, P. 20-21, V. 1/5, A. 9-10, C. 10-11. 



Length of head 4 to 4f , of caudal fin 5| to 6, height of body 2-g- to 3 in the 

 total length. jEye — high up and in the anterior half of the head, about 2 

 diameters in the very young, more in the adult, from the end of the snout, and 

 2 or 3 diameters apart. Interorbital space nearly flat. The maxilla reaches 

 to beneath the middle of the eye. Gill-opening in the form of an oblique cleft, 

 above the anterior half of the pectoral fin and ceasing opposite the centre of 

 the base of that fin. Teeth — a band in either jaw of fine pointed ones : none on 

 the vomer or palatine bones, nor on the tongue. Fins — first dorsal only seen in 

 the young, becoming enveloped in thick skin as age advances : fin rays simply 

 divided near their outer extremities (see Life History, p. 182). Ventral fins 

 united so as to form a sucker, its rays undivided, the base of each expanded. 

 Body covered with tubercles, among which may be distinguished four eularged 

 rows, one along the back, the second from above the eye to the upper half of 

 the caudal fin, the third from the angle of the mouth continued above the 

 pectoral fin to the lower half of the caudal : while the fourth passes from below 

 the pectoral fin to the base of the anal. Numerous small tubercles exist over the 

 head and body. Stomach — horse-shoe shaped and with about 50 ccecal 

 appendages more or less coalescing one with the other. Colours — these differ 

 according to sex, speaking generally, the male, especially on its sides and beneath, 

 is red, and the female blue or even nearly black, but during the breeding season 

 the tints become much brighter and more varied. There are dark or even black 

 spots irregularly scattered over the body. The young are usually green, 

 occasionally yellow, or both colours conjoined. 



Yarklies. — The young are sometimes yellow, but more usually of a brilliant 



