MOUNTAINS AND FJELDS. ng 
southern latitudes, as they are under the equator and in 
temperate regions, Codium. tomentosum, ceramium rub- 
rum, C, diaphanum, species of ectocarpus, and several. con- 
fere, have a region nearly as wide. Plocamium coccineum 
and gelidium corneum are common to the Atlantic and, 
Pacific oceans; rhodymenia palmata, the common. dulse 
of Britain, is found at the Falkland Islands and Tasmania. 
Fucus tuberculatus extends from Ireland to the Cape of 
Good Hope; fucus vesiculosus occurs on the north-west 
coasts of America, and on the shores of Europe; while 
desmarestia ligulata is found in the north Atlantic and 
Pacific oceans, as well as at the Cape of Good Hope and 
Cape Horn. ta! sn 
‘In general, however, sea-weeds are more or less limited 
in their distribution, so that different marine floras exist in 
various parts of the ocean, The northern ocean, from the 
pole to the 40th degree, the sea of the Antilles, the eastern 
coasts of South America, those of New Holland, the Indian 
Archipelago; the Mediterranean, the Red Sea, the Chinese 
and Japanese seas, all present so many large marine 
regions, each-of which possess a peculiar vegetation. The 
degree,of exposure to light, and the greater or less motion 
‘of the waves, are very important in the distribution of 
alge. The intervention of great depths of the ocean has 
a similar influence on sea-plants as high mountains have 
on land-plants. Laminarie are confined to the colder 
regions of the sea; sargassa only vegetate where the 
mean temperature is considerable. Under the influence 
of the Gulf Stream, sargassum is found along the east coast 
of America, as far as lat. 44°; and the cold south polar 
curreat influences the marine vegetation of the coasts of 
Chili and Peru, where we meet with species of lessonia, 
macrocystis, d’urvillza, and iridea, which are character- 
istic of the antarctic flora. Melanospermez, according to 
Harvey, increase as we approach the tropics, where the 
maximum of the species, though, perhaps, not of indivi- 
duals, is found; rhodospermez chiefly abound in the 
temperate zone ; while chlorospermee form the majority 
