202 The Carnivora. 
the word with the object.” On the same subject, Col. H. 
Stuart Wortley says: “I had a remarkably clever Skye 
terrier, which I taught as follows. When I went out, it 
was quite sufficient to say ‘Yes’ or ‘No’ in an ordinary 
tone; but, wanting to take him beyond that, I taught him 
very quickly to know the two words when painted on cards, 
‘Yes’ or ‘No, and, after a few weeks’ teaching, he never 
mistook them.” 
The process of learning this, in the case of the animal, is 
identical with that the human mind goes through in its 
first lessons. A letter is an arbitrary sign for a sound, and 
a combination of these signs constitutes a word. The sounds 
corresponding to the signs, and their combinations, must be 
repeated to the child until he learns to associate the pictorial 
representation unfailingly with the sound itself. Sir John 
Lubbock’s dog’s mind clearly goes through all this, and, 
further, he signifies his wishes by bringing to his master 
the card which bears the sign for “out” or “food.” Locke, 
and others who thought there was « radical difference -be- 
tween the human and animal mind, would find it impossible 
to draw any distinction here. A very interesting field for 
experiment in the study of animal psychology is thus opened 
up; and most of us possess dogs of intelligence sufficient to 
work upon with success. For example, the Rev. W. H. 
Colmore, of Moseley Vicarage, writes to me: “The dog I 
spoke to you about, when you lectured for our Institution 
here, belonged to a lady in my parish, and was a fox terrier. 
The performance was this. The lady went up stairs, and 
placed three things on her bed—a tobacco pouch, a pocket- 
handkerchief, and a newspaper. She then came down stairs, 
and asked me to say in what order I should like these things 
to be brought down by the dog. I replied, in the order 
above mentioned; accordingly, the lady told her dog to go 
and fetch the tobacco pouch. Off he went, and immediately 
returned with the tobacco pouch in his mouth. She then told 
him to go and bring the pocket-handkerchief. This he also 
