MORPHOLOGY, GENETICS AND BREEDING 



7Z 



CORN North Carolina 



PEANUTS Va.N CTenh. 



PEANUTS S.C.,G*.,Fla., 

 Ala.. Miss. 



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ia-22 20-Z4 22-26 24-28 26-30 28-32 30^4 32-36 34-38 36-40 38-42 40-44 42-46 44-48 



19-23 21-25 23-27 25-29 27-31 29-33 31-35 33-37 35-39 37-41 39-43 41-45 43-47 



MOVING 5-YEAR INTERVAL 



PEANUT YIELD 1918-1948 



MOVING S-YEAR AVERAGE 



Figure 2S. — Thirty years of peanut production in the southeastern United States. 

 The light line shows corn production in North Carolina during the same period. 



nuts with the disparate nature of the breeding experiments conducted, is 

 sufficient in itself to render success improbable. 



In reporting the published works on peanut breeding and genetics 

 we have been unable to .unfold a sequence of events or to build a co- 

 ordinated body of knowledge culminating in recent advanced studies 

 logically derived from the results of previous experiments. Instead we 

 have attempted to preserve the mosaic of unrelated patterns and have 

 organized them only to the extent of presenting first, a summary of 

 breeding techniques ; second, inheritance studies; third, disease resistance ; 

 and fourth, breeding. 



Techniques 



( a ) Cross-pollination 



Badami ( 1 ) made the following observations with respect to the tech- 

 nique of crossing 'peanuts : The pollen sacs burst about sunrise on warm 

 days, fertilization is completed within 30 hrs,*, flowers droop in 24 



* It is known to occur in 12-16 hrs; see "Reproductive Morphology''- 



