Symptoms 



Flower. — Pistil turns black as though afEected 

 by frost, and a gummy exudation occurs about 

 base of styles. A bacterial disease for which 

 no cure is known ; probably carried by insects. 



Whole flower turns brown and dies ; flower 

 stalk generally shrivels and is covered by a 

 microscopic grey mould. Brown rot, see fruit 

 below. (Must not be confused with attack of 

 Apple PsyUa, which produces somewhat similar 

 symptoms, but the flat green or yellowish insect 

 may be foimd in that attack embedded in a 

 gimamy secretion ; nor with Apple - blossom 

 weevil (p. 125).) 



Fruit. — ^Dark green roundish spots on surface 

 of fruit (at first covered by the white cuticle 

 which the fungus Ufts up and ruptures), which 

 finaUy become scurfy and surrounded by an 

 olive-green ring. In hard-fleshed apples like 

 " Cox's Orange Pippin," when the attack is 

 early, flesh of fruit often cracks badly as well. 

 Both shoot and leaf are attacked. Scab caused 

 by Fusicladium dendriticum (the final stage of 

 this fungus is caUed Venturia inaequalis and 

 occurs on fallen leaves). Prune out affected 

 shoots in winter (3), burn affected apples, spray 

 in winter with copper sulphate solution (7) and 

 just before buds burst and again after petals 

 have dropped, and also, if necessary, about the 

 end of June with Bordeaux mixture (7). 

 68 



