H2 A HISTORY OF GARDENING IN ENGLAND 



Isaak Walton used to fish. Beddington (in Surrey), which 

 belonged to Francis Carew, was described by Wurmsser von 

 Vendenheyn, in 1610, as " one of the most pleasant and 

 ornamental gardens in England, with many beautiful streams." 

 At Theobalds and Hatfield there was water. At Hatfield 

 the banks of the stream in what was called the dell were 

 beautified with flower-beds, and sundry arbours and walks, 

 which were connected with the vineyard on the opposite bank 

 by ornamental bridges. The works were designed and carried 

 out by Mountain Jennings, gardener to the first Earl of Salis- 

 bury. A Frenchman, named Simon Sturtivant, planned some 

 elaborate water-works, which were never executed owing to 

 the Earl's death in 1612, as also did Soloman de Caux. One 

 jet d'eau, however, from a design of the latter, was made at 

 a cost of £113, and consisted of a marble basin with a statue 

 of Neptune ; 310 pounds of solder were used to cast the figure, 

 which was probably gilded afterwards. 1 De Caux was the 

 designer of the gardens at Wilton, for the Earl of Pembroke, 

 where there were " foure fountaynes with statues of marble in 

 their midle," and " two Ponds with Fountaynes and two 

 collumnes in the middle, casting water all their height, which 

 causeth the moveing and turning of two crownes at the top of 

 the same." Besides this, the river passed through the garden, 

 and was spanned by an ornamental bridge. The latter was 

 removed later on, and the well-known work of Inigo Jones built 

 in its place. 



The garden at Theobalds is also described by Hentzner in 

 1591 : " In the gallery was painted the genealogy of the kings 

 of England ; from this place one goes into the garden, encom- 

 passed with water, large enough for one to have the pleasure 

 of going in a boat, and rowing between the shrubs ; here are 

 a great variety of trees and plants, labyrinths made with a 

 great deal of labour, a jet d'eau with its bason of white marble, 

 and columns and pyramids of wood and other materials up 

 and down the garden. After seeing these, we were led by the 

 gardener into the summer-house, in the lower part of which, 

 built semicircularly, are the twelve Roman Emperors in white 

 marble and a table of truck-stone ; the upper part of it is set 

 - From family MSS. belonging to the Marquess of Salisbury. 



