288 Cavallas and Pampanos 
formed by the ossified cover of the air-bladder and with the 
hypocoracoid obsolete. AKurtus indicus is the principal species. 
The Menide.—Near the Aurtide we may perhaps place the 
family of Menid@, of one species, Mene maculata, the moon-fish 
of the open seas of the East Indies and Japan. This is a small 
fish, about a foot long, with the body very closely compressed, 
the fins low and the belly, through the extension of the pelvic 
bone, a good deal more prominent than the back. The ventral 
Fic. 223,—Mene maculata (Bloch & Schneider). Family Menide. Japan. 
fins have the usual number of one spine and five soft rays, a 
character which separates Alene widely from Lampris, which 
in some ways seems allied to it. 
Another species of Mlenide is the extinct Gasteronenits 
rhombeus of the Eocene of Monte Bolea. It has much the same 
form, with long pubic bones. The very long ventral fins are, 
however, made of one spine and one or two 1ays. <A second 
species, Gasteronemus oblongus, is recorded from the same rocks. 
The Pempheride.—The Pempherida, ‘deep-water catalufas,”’ 
or “‘magifi,’’ are rather small deep-bodied fishes, reddish in 
color, with very short dorsal, containing a few graduated spines, 
