504 Suborder Jugulares 
inhabitant of the seas of Japan, and Anema monopterygium in 
New Zealand. 
Uranoscopus peruzzii, an extinct star-gazer, has been de- 
scribed from the Pliocene of Tuscany. 
Fic. 445.—A Star-gazer Ariscopus iburius Jordan & Snyder. Iburi, Japan. 
The Dragonets: Callionymide.—Remotely allied to the Ura- 
noscopide is the interesting family of dragonets, or Callionynude. 
These are small scaleless fishes with flat heads, the preopercle 
armed with a strong spine, the body bearing a general resem- 
blance to the smaller and smoother Cottide. The gill-openings 
are very small, the ventral fins wide apart. The colors are 
highly variegated, the fins are high, often filamentous, and the 
sexes differ much in coloration and in the development of the 
fins. The species are especially numerous on the shores of 
Japan, where Callionymus valenciennesi, Callionymus benitegurt, 
and Calliurichthys japonicus are food-fishes of some slight impor- 
tance. Others are found in the East Indies, and several large 
and handsome forms are taken in the Mediterranean. Calliony- 
mus draco, the dragonet, or ‘“‘sculpin,’’ reaches the coast of Eng- 
land. In America but three species have been taken. These 
are dredged in deep water in the East Indies. In other parts 
of the world these fantastic little creatures are shore-fishes, 
creeping about in the shallow bays. Species of Synchiropus, 
colored like the coral sands, abound in the Polynesian coral 
reefs. 
A fossil species of Callionymus (C. macrocephalus) are found 
in the Miocene of Croatia. 
The family of Rhyacichthyide is a small group of Asiatic 
fishes allied to the Callionymide, but less elongate and differing 
in minor details. They are found not in the sea, but in mountain 
streams. Rhyacichthys (formerly called by the preoccupied 
name Platyptera) is the principal genus. 
