66 GARDENS : THEIR FORM AND DESIGN 



slender painted battens. Upon one side grow whit 

 roses, upon the other are red ones. 



Probably the origin of light trellis fences is to be tracec 

 to the way vines are trained in Italy. In Pompeiai 

 gardens, seen upon some of the frescoes that have fortu 

 nately been preserved to us, we find high pergolas, am 

 also, near them, small plots of ground partially railed ol 

 by low trellis-work. This forms half-circles, squares 

 oblongs, any device that is formal and can be repeatei 

 several times to give symmetry to the whole. The lov 

 of it came from the vineyards, where the young vines forr 

 natural espaliers, pergolas, arches, almost of their ow: 

 accord. So Pliny and others, we feel sure, copied in the) 

 gardens, with rather more elaboration and formalit) 

 what they had lived among upon their native hillsides. 



We know that, with the Crusaders, all these ideas fror 

 the East and from the South were brought to our country 

 We can well picture how useful these light trellis fence 

 were round medieval gardens, for there were many larg 

 hounds, used for hunting deer, boars, and other wil 

 animals, that were allowed within the castle precinct; 

 What damage they could do to flower-beds and ornamenU 

 plots of ground ! Then, too, these fences were probabl 

 a means of keeping out rabbits, hares, and other destru( 

 tive creatures, and so, in the place of the ugly wire-nettin 

 that we have nowadays, these ornamental rails were pu 

 They formed a charming decoration, and when they wei 

 painted different colours they added to the bright appea 

 ance of the garden. 



One example that is ornate, and has charming twists 

 balls at the corners, with dense wooden lattice-work, 

 round that gem-like garden which holds the " Emblemc 

 symboliques de Marie." It is in the Grimani Breviary 



* A good photographic reproduction is in the Victoria and Alb( 

 Art Library (Press Mark, 5, J), Sketch 105. 



