38 THE LIVING ANIMALS OF THE WORLD 
By permission of Herr Carl Hagenbeck] 
A HAPPY FAMILY 
of male lions carry heavy 
manes, the long hair of 
which does not as a rule 
cover more than the neck 
and chest, with a tag of 
varying length and thick- 
ness extending from the 
back of the neck to be- 
tween the shoulder-blades. 
Lions with very full black 
manes, covering the whole 
shoulders, are rare any- 
where, but more likely to 
be encountered on the 
high plateaux, where the 
winter nights are ex- 
tremely cold, than any- 
where else. In such cases, 
: in addition to the tufts 
[Hamburg of hair always found on 
the elbows and in the 
Here is a group of animals and their keeper from Herr Hagenbeck’s Thierpark. The animal in armpits of lions with fair- 
front is a cross between a lion and a tigress; he lives on quite friendly terms with his keeper, and also 
with lions, tigers, and leopards, as seen in the photograph 
sized manes, there will 
‘probably be large tufts 
of hair in each flank just where the thighs join the belly; but I have never yet seen the 
skin of a lion shot within the last thirty years with the whole belly covered with long, thick 
hair, as may constantly be observed in lions kept in captivity in menageries. There is, 
however, some evidence to show that, when lions existed on the high plains of the Cape 
Colony and the Orange River Colony, where the winter nights are much colder than in the 
countries farther north where lions may still be encountered, certain individuals of the species 
developed a growth of long hair all over the belly, as well as an extraordinary luxuriance of mane 
on the neck and shoulders. 
From the foregoing remarks it will 
be seen that wild lions, having as a rule 
much less luxuriant manes than many 
examples of their kind to be seen in 
European menageries, are ordinarily not so 
majestic and dignified in appearance as 
many of their caged relatives. On the 
other hand, the wild lion is a much more 
alert and active animal than a menagerie 
specimen, and when in good condition is 
far better built and more powerful-looking, 
being free from all appearance of lankiness 
and weakness in the legs, and having strong, 
well-formed hindquarters. The eyes of the 
menagerie lion, too, look brown and usually 
sleepy, whilst those of the wild animal are 
yellow, and extraordinarily luminous even 
after death. When wounded and standing 
Lc: 
By permission of Herr Carl Hagenbec 
"[ Hamburg 
A CROSS BETWEEN LION AND TIGRESS 
This unique photograph shows a remarkable hybrid and its proud parents. 
The father (on the right) is a lion, and the mother (on the left) a tigress. 
The offspring (in the centre) is a fine, large male, now four years old; it 
is bigger than an average-sized lion ox tiger 
