Photo by G. W. Wilson & Co., Ltd.} 
Anger 
[Aberdeen 
A YOUNG CHIMPANZEE 
Pleasure Fear 
Mammals of Other Lands 
Photo by Fravellt Alinari, Florence 
ARABIAN BABOON 
CHAPTER I 
APES, MONKEYS, AND LEMURS 
THE MAN-LIKE APES 
THE CHIMPANZEE 
F all the great apes the CHIMPANZEE most closely ap- 
proaches man in bodily structure and appearance, 
although in height it is less near the human standard 
than the gorilla, 5 feet being probably that of an adult male. 
Several races of this ape are known, among them the TRUE 
CHIMPANZEE and the BaLp CHImpaNzEE. The varieties also include 
the Kulo-kamba, described by Du Chaillu, and the Soko, discovered 
by Livingstone, who confounded it with the gorilla. But the varia- 
tions in neither of these are sufficiently important to justify their 
being ranked as species. 
The first authentic mention of the chimpanzee is found in 
“The Strange Adventures of Andrew Battell,” an English sailor 
taken prisoner by the Portuguese in 1590, who lived eighteen 
years near Angola. He speaks of two apes, the Pongo and 
the Enjocko, of which the former is the gorilla, the latter the 
chimpanzee. The animal was first seen in Europe in 1641, and 
described scientifically fifty-eight years later, but we are indebted 
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