32 BEE-KEEPING FOR PROFIT 
from the brood. 'To secure that, of course, is the 
duty of the bee-keeper, and in the chapter 
following, the method will be dealt with. 
Bee Escapes.—The ‘‘ escape’’ is to provide 
the bees with an additional exit from the hive or 
super. It is fixed ina hole bored through each 
end or side of the top portion of the hive, two 
or three inches below the centre of the roof. 
The old-fashioned cone-shaped variety is now 
usually worked double, one being fixed inside 
the hive and one on the outside, but they are not 
altogether satisfactory, as the bees will sometimes 
find their way back through them to the super. 
It will also often be found when clearing supers 
by this means that the bees are very slow in 
escaping. A new escape, called ‘‘ The Porter 
Escape,’’ with a spring has been recently in- 
vented which allows the bees to return from the 
super direct into the hive. It is fixed on a 
board which is placed under the super. 
The Dummy.—The dummy is a piece of 
board with lugs or ends which project from the 
sides, and rest on the inner walls of the hive. It 
is, in fact, a movable wall which is used to reduce 
the capacity of a hive. The requisite number 
of frames are removed and the dummy placed in 
position to cover the exposed side. 
The Quilt.—Over all, is placed the quilt 
