52 PASTURE AND RANGE. 
cal antidote, decomposing the poison that remains in 
the alimentary canal. Whether it neutralizes that which 
has been absorbed into the system is not apparent. It 
has, however, led to the recovery of many sheep in which 
the symptoms were far advanced. Five to ten grains of 
each chemical dissolved in a pint of water is the dose for, 
a sheep. For horses, fifteen to twenty grains of each 
should be used, and for cattle thirty to fifty grains. Great 
care must be taken to have the potassium permanganate 
completely dissolved. In the case of animals which are 
prostrated a stimulant such as strychnin produces a 
slight improvement, but if used alone’ will not effect a 
cure. Diuretics, such as caffein or theobromin, are also 
useful as a stimulant to the kidneys. Care should be taken . 
to keep the animal quiet. 
Death Camas is a slender, light-green plant with nar- 
row leaves, five to fifteen inches long, like those of com- 
mon grasses but more succulent. When young 
it is often mistaken for a grass, but may easily 
be distinguished by the fact that there is no ligule where 
the leaf joins the stem, and by its bulb, which is buried 
two inches or more in the ground, and resembles a young 
onion. The flower stem grows from five to twenty inches 
high and has a raceme of rather small, yellowish or green- 
ish white flowers at its summit. 
There are several different species of Zygadenus which 
grow in similar habitats to Z. venenosus. They all resem- 
ble it and produce like effects. They grow abun- 
dantly west of the Rocky Mountains, and in the 
Prairie Provinces and neighbouring States. One 
of the most common of these is Z. elegans. Pursh (p. 38). 
The Plant 
Other 
Species 
