230 



INTRODUCTION TO ZOOLOGY 



Privet Hawk (Fig. 157), the caterpillar when full grown is 

 three inches long, and is green with oblique white and purple 



stripes. Behind the horned seg- 

 ment, two other reduced segments 

 are visible, the last bearing a large 

 pair of claspers. The general 

 structure of the caterpillar is 

 similar to that of the Large White 

 Butterfly described in Chapter XV. 

 All the Hawk Moth caterpillars, 

 when full fed, bury themselves in 

 the ground, and there change to 

 naked pupae, remaining in that 

 stage all the winter. In some, the 

 proboscis of the enclosed moth pro- 

 jects from the pupa like a handle. 

 The moths themselves are very 

 thick-bodied, and have rather long 

 narrow wings ; the thick antennae 

 are pointed at the tips (Fig. 158). 

 Many of them are beautifully marked, 

 and are coloured pink and green, 

 brown, fawn, russet, and yellow. 

 Burnet Burnet Moths are also 



Moths very common, especially 

 (Zygaenidae). the Six -spot Burnet 

 (Zygaena filvpeindulae). Here the 

 yellow, black-spotted caterpillar — 

 which feeds on clover, bird's -foot 

 trefoil, and other plants growing 

 amongst the grass — ascends a grass 

 stem when about to pupate, gener- 

 ally in June, attaches itself to the 

 stem, and surrounds itself with a 

 spindle - shaped cocoon which is 

 yellow and glazed (Fig. 159, 6). 

 Within this outer case the pupa forms. When the moth 

 is ready to come out, the pupa, which is capable of more 

 movement than is usual at this stage, forces itself half out 

 of the cocoon (see Fig. 159, c), and then from it there 

 emerges the beautiful little moth. It has bluish-green front 



Fig. 169.— The Six-spot Burnet 

 Moth [Zygaena JUipendulae). 



a, Caterpillar ; h, cocoon containiEg 

 pupa ; c, empty pupal skin pro- 

 jecting from the cocoon ; d, 

 moth which has emerged from c. 



