FISHERIES OF THE GREAT LAKES IN 1885. 133 



$3,510, the shore-houses and accessories of various kinds amounting to 

 $3,275. The catch under the ice and in the open water was 179,800 

 pounds, of which 115,100 pounds were whitefish and 64,700 pounds trout, 

 having a value of $6,135. Fifteen thousand pounds of whitefish and 

 6,500 pounds of trout were salted. A certain amount of lawyers and 

 suckers is taken, but these species are not considered of any value and 

 are culled out and buried on the shore. Two tons per annum are se- 

 cured and thus disposed of by each of the Bay View crews, and the 

 total quantity for the bay and canal may be estimated at 80,000 

 pounds. 



Other fisheries. — No trammel-nets or seines are used. In 1884 five 

 or six crews fished set-lines for trout, in connection with their gill-nets, 

 between Sturgeon Bay Canal and Whitefish Bay, and the trial issued 

 favorably, as the catch from the lines was good. For some reason, how- 

 ever, the method was not continued in 1885 by a single crew. Each 

 crew was provided with two lines armed with about four hundred hooks 

 each and worth $10. One man at Sturgeon Bay fished a fyke-net in the 

 spring of 1885, setting it in 8 feet of water. That was the only specimen 

 of this form of apparatus which was used. 



45. ENTRANCE OF STURGEON BAY TO DEATH'S DOOR, INCLUDING CHAM- 

 BERS ISLAND, DOOR COUNTY, WISCONSIN. 



Physical characteristics. — The strait which separates Washington Is- 

 land from the end of Green Bay Peninsula is popularly called Death's 

 Door. Between this strait and the point where the shore begins to 

 bend inward to form the estuary of Sturgeon Bay is an irregular stretch 

 of coast bordered by a series of bluffs which sometimes come close to 

 the water's edge and again are separated from it by a narrow inter- 

 vening strip of sandy lowlauds. As all the little bays are exposed to 

 the northwest winds there are no really good harbors. 



Fishing stations. — Scattered along the shore are numerous small vil- 

 lages and hamlets from which fishing is followed. Among these may 

 be mentioned Sister Bay, Ephraim Bay, Fish Creek, Chambers Island, 

 Egg Harbor, Horseshoe Bay, Thayerport, and Little Harbor. 



At Sister Bay and Ephraim Bay gill-nets are sparingly used. Fish 

 Creek, with 200 or 300 people, had more important fishery interests in 

 1885 than ever before ; both pound-nets and gill-nets were employed. 

 The fisheries of Chambers Island have greatly deteriorated since 1875, 

 when they were of considerable extent ; in 1885 four or five pound-net 

 and gill-net crews made the island their headquarters. At Egg Har- 

 bor the fishing is carried on with small numbers of gill-nets and fykes. 

 One family at Horseshoe Bay is supported by a pound-net set in sum- 

 mer and gill-nets fished in winter. Six American families obtain a 

 livelihood from farming and fishing at Thayerport, employing pound- 

 nets and gill-nets. The population of Little Harbor consists of but six 

 or eight Swedish fishermen who operated pounds in 1885. 



