FISHERIES OF THE GREAT LAKES IN 1885. 139 



General features and inhabitants. — The coast waters are generally 

 shallow, but there are several good harbors ; North Bay, in particular, 

 is one of the best harbors on the Lakes. The principal industry 

 throughout this region, as in other portions of the Green Bay penin- 

 sula, is farming. The German element of the population is larger than 

 any other, though Irish and French-Canadians are numerous, and 

 Scandinavians still more so ; at Bailey's Harbor there are a number of 

 Poles. 



Fishing centers. — The fisheries along this shore are carried on from 

 North Bay, Little Harbor, Bailey's Harbor, Jacksonport, Whitefish 

 Bay, and Lily Bay. The principal fishing at North Bay about 18tJ0 

 was with pound-nets ; only r a few gill-nets were used in 1885. Little 

 Harbor had one crew of gill-net fishermen in 1885. At Bailey's Harbor 

 both pound-nets and gill-nets were employed. The most extensive 

 pound fishery was carried on in 1862, and the gill-net fishery was at its 

 height in 1859. Jacksonport had no noteworthy fisheries till 1862, 

 although fish are said to have been most abundant between 1850 and 

 1855. Gill-nets were the only form of apparatus in use in 1885 and prior 

 thereto. Extensive seine fishing began at Whitefish Bay in 1845, and 

 continued until the introduction of pound-nets in 1859, when seines were 

 gradually discarded. The locality is famous as being the place where 

 pound-nets were first set in the open waters of Lake Michigan. The 

 pound fishery was at its height between 1859 and 1873, during which 

 time pound-nets were operated almost to the exclusion of other appa- 

 ratus. Lily Bay, the only other fishing center on this shore, had one 

 crew in 1885 which employed both gill -nets and pound-nets. 



Disposition of products. — There are no dealers north of Sturgeon Bay 

 Canal. A small part of the catch is sold fresh to the farmers and others 

 in the vicinity of the fishiug stations, but a much greater quantity is dis- 

 posed of to the firms at Sturgeon Bay, or occasionally to some other 

 dealer, but nearly three-fifths of the eutire yield is salted and shipped 

 by the fishermen themselves to Chicago and Milwaukee. 



Statistics. — In 1885 there were in the region under consideration 33 

 fishermen, of whom 25 were engaged in the gill-net fishery exclusively, 

 5 in the pound-net fishery exclusively, and 3 divided their time between 

 the two. The total amount of capital invested was $8,374, of which 

 $6,159 was devoted to the gill-net fishery and $2,212 to the pound-net 

 fishery. The products amounted to 105,700 pounds of fresh fish, worth 

 $2,391, and 184,700 pounds of salt fish, valued at $5,222. Of the fresh 

 fish 11,200 pounds were whitefish, 65,250 pounds were trout, 27,000 

 pounds were herring, and 2,250 pounds were other fish; while of the 

 salt fish 64,800 pounds were whitefish, 79,800 pounds were trout, 39,600 

 pounds were herring, and 600 pounds were other fish. In the previous 

 year the catch consisted of 104,067 pounds of fresh fish, valued at 

 $3,070, and 173,600 pounds of salt fish, which sold for $5,273. 



