FISHERIES OF THE GREAT LAKES IN 1885. 143 



at Kewaunee, and those were in use between 1866 and 1870. Alma- 

 pee at that time had about the same number. At Nero there were 

 several pound-nets at various times between 1860 and 1875. In 1885 

 the only pound-nets between Horn's Pier and Nero were two — a small 

 one, in 14 feet of water, at Clay Banks, and another in 16 feet of water, 

 a mile north of that place, both of which were fished for the first time 

 in that year. The only fish taken were herring, which were sold both 

 fresh and salted. A portion of the catch prepared in the latter way 

 was disposed of in Manitowoc and a part of it was put up in 16-pound 

 kits and sold to the farmers in the interior at from 75 cents to $1 each. 

 It is stated that the pound- nets used at Ahnapee many years ago were 

 deep enough to catch trout and whitefish, and that there was a notice- 

 able proportion of the latter species, which of late years has been taken 

 only in very small numbers along this shore. 



The two nets referred to were operated by four men, and had a value 

 of $450. The small skiffs used in fishing them and other accessories 

 had a combined value of about $80, and the shore-houses were worth 

 about $350. The products in 1885 amounted to 1,000 pounds of fresh 

 herring, worth $20, and 5,440 pounds of salt herring, which brought $192. 



The seine and other fisheries. — One very small seine at Carlton was 

 fished in the spring of 1885 for suckers and herring for home use, and 

 one at Kewaunee was used in the same season for catching perch. The 

 value of the two seines was only $30, and of boats and accessories $40. 

 On the Kewaunee River six or eight farmers employed trammel-nets, or 

 dip-nets, for suckers and allied species, which were used locally. The 

 trammel-nets were from 50 to 100 feet long and 20 or 24 meshes deep; 

 the mesh of the netting on the outside being 7 inches, and that on the 

 inside from 4 to 4f inches. This fishing was confined entirely to the 

 river, and the nets have never been set in lake waters. 



49. MANITOWOC COUNTY, WISCONSIN. 



Fishing centers. — The settlements in Manitowoc County from which 

 fishing is carried on are, in addition to Nero, which was considered 

 in the former section, Two Rivers, Manitowoc, and Hika. In 1885 

 the first named place had a population of 2,100, of whom 300 derived 

 their support from the fisheries. The 8,000 inhabitants of Manitowoc 

 are only slightly interested in fishing, although the place is an impor- 

 tant shipping and ship-building center. The fisheries of Hika have 

 sprung into existence since 1884; they are as yet unimportant, only 

 six men devoting their attention to this business in J 885. 



Character of fisheries. — The fisheries of this county are carried on al- 

 most exclusively with gill -nets and pound-nets, and more than four- 

 fifths of the fishermen belong at Two Rivers. KSeveral fishing steamers 

 have beeu used in the county in earlier years, but in 1885 no vessels 

 of any kind were employed in the fisheries. Seines, fyke-nets, and set- 

 lines are also in use but only on a very small scale. 



