196 REPORT OF COMMISSIONER OF FISH AND FISHERIES. 



haps three-fourths of a ton was smoked and consumed locally during 

 the same period. 



Harbor Springs and Petoskey each have a firm engaged in shipping 

 large quantities of fish. One of these has a collecting steamer for 

 buying fish from other localities, and has also a freezing-house, where 

 the fall catch of whitefish and trout is stored until there is a demand 

 for them at good prices. 



For 1885 the bulk of the fresh fish was shipped to inland towns of 

 Michigan, while the salt fish were sent to Chicago or consumed locally. 



The fish trade of Petoskey in 1885, as indicated by the quantities 

 of fish purchased at that place, amounted to 271,996 pounds, of which 

 152,656 pounds were whitefish and 117,740 pounds were trout, the re- 

 maining 1,600 pounds consisting of herring and minor species. About 

 one- fifth of the whitefish and trout was frozen before shipping. 



Recapitulation. — In 1885, if we include the fish merchants, 41 men, 

 with 121 gill-nets and 13 pounds, were engaged in the fisheries. These 

 had capital amounting to $25,610 invested in the fisheries, and caught 

 93,862 pounds of whitefish, 82,608 pounds of trout, and 30,715 pounds 

 of other species, the whole valued at $8,495. 



69. CROSS VILLAGE AND GOOD HART, EMMET COUNTY, MICHIGAN. 



General description. — The stretch lying between Waugoshance Point 

 and Good Hart, a distance of 25 or 30 miles, has a low, sandy shore, the 

 woods extending almost to the water's edge. Cross Village, a town of 

 seven hundred inhabitants, is the only settlement of importance, if 

 we exclude Good Hart, a small Indian settlement of from twenty to thirty 

 houses. Fish have been abundant from the earliest settlement of the 

 region, and the Indians, who, with a few French Canadians, constitute 

 nearly all of the population, were formerly almost wholly dependent 

 upon the fisheries, though for a few years some of them have turned 

 their attention to lumbering. 



Pound-net fishery.— -Pound-nets have been extensively fished here for 

 twenty to twenty-five years, and very large catches have been made 

 yearly till the present time. In November, 1866, one man took from 

 two nets (each in 20 feet of* water) set 1 mile south of the village, 1,663 

 packages of No. 1 whitefish in nine days, which he sold for a trifle 

 over $13,000. The fish were so abundant that at no time was he 

 obliged to lift the pound, but could simply dip out from the surface 

 such quantities as he could care for. At the end of the ninth day the 

 fishing was suddenly terminated by the bursting of the net. There 

 were in 1884 nine pound-nets in the locality, from which over 3,000 half- 

 barrels of fish were salted and 20 tons additional were sold fresh. In 

 1885 there were twelve pounds, and the catch was nearly as large as 

 the previous year, though the fish averaged much smaller in size. 



Gill-net fishery. — The gill-net fishery was formerly extensive, but 

 there were at Cross Village in 1885 only one crew of white men and 



