FISHERIES OF THE GREAT LAKES IN 1885. 197 



two of Indians fishing regularly, and two other Indian crews fishing 

 during a portion of the year. At Good Hart, 7 miles distant, where the 

 fishing is wholly by Indians, twelve boats with twenty-four men followed 

 the fisheries with considerable regularity. The Indian crews are usually 

 provided with not more than ten or fifteen nets each. Their catch is 

 small, averaging only about 50 packages to the boat, nine- tenths of 

 which is salted. About three-fourths of the fish caught in the gill-nets 

 are whitefish and the rest trout. 



Ice fishing. — Fishing through the ice with nets and spears was 

 formerly extensive, but it has decreased in importance until it is fol- 

 lowed with very little regularity, though a good many of the Indians 

 supply their own tables with fish in this way during the winter months, 

 and a few get limited quantities for sale in the neighborhood. 



Statistics. — In 1885 there were in the district lying between Wau- 

 goshance Point and Good Hart, inclusive, 46 fishermen, with 320 gill- 

 nets and 12 pound-nets, and various accessory apparatus, boats, and 

 shore property, the whole valued at $11,135. The products consisted of 

 152,000 pounds of whitefish, 36,000 pounds of trout, 10,000 pounds of 

 herring, and 2,000 pounds of suckers, worth $7,625. Of the above 

 fish 120,000 pounds of whitefish, 30,000 pounds of trout, and 10,000 

 pounds of herring, valued at $6,310, were salted. The salt fish are 

 shipped direct to Milwaukee and Chicago or sold to dealers in the 

 locality, while the greater part of the fresh fish are sold to dealers from 

 Beaver Islands and Mackinaw City, though a few are consumed locally. 

 Of the salt whitefish, 80,000 pounds were No. 1, 20,000 pounds No. 2, 

 and 20,000 pounds No. 3. 



70. MACKINAW CITY, CHEBOYGAN COUNTY, TO POINT WAUGOSHANCE, 



EMMET COUNTY, MICHIGAN. 



General remarks. — Mackinaw City is situated at the extreme northern 

 point of the southern peninsula of Michigan, on the Straits of Macki- 

 nac, which connect Lakes Michigan and Huron. It has a population of 

 about 300 people. 



The only other inhabitants of this section are about twenty-five fami- 

 lies at Callam's Mill, and two pound-net fishermen living on Big Stone 

 Bay. 



Unimportance of the fisheries. — The fisheries have been carried on for at 

 least ten years, but have never been important. Those at Mackinaw 

 City are insignificant and consist entirely of trout-spearing through the 

 ice, although certain pound -net fisheries in Lake Huron are operated 

 by parties from this place. 



Pound-net fishery. — In 1877, 3 pound-nets were set on the shore west 

 of the " city," and the fishing was very good, 92 packages of whitefish 

 "being taken from two nets in a single day. In 1884 there were 5 pound- 

 nets which were all set in Big Stone Bay, where 3 were still fished, 

 but with small results, in 1885. 



