448 REPORT OF COMMISSIONER OF FISH AND FISHERIES. [12] 



" square fastened," having four treenails in a frame, while the other 

 plank have two treenails and one spike to each frame. 



The wales are 3 inches thick and G inches wide, and there are four 

 streaks of the same thickness below the wales. The wales are fastened 

 with 6-iuch galvanized spikes, and with treenails, like the rest of the 

 plank, but below the fifth wale the plauk are fastened, in addition 

 to treenails, with 6-inch composition spikes, which are let in, and the 

 heads are covered with bungs set in white lead. All butts below the 

 sixth wale are fastened with J-inch copper butt-bolts, driven and clenched 

 on composition rings on the inside of the ceiling. 



Main-rails. — The main -rails are of white oak, 3 inches thick and 9 

 inches wide, fayed with lock scarf, and worked with a double bead on 

 each edge ; they are bolted to the stanchions with f-inch copper bolts let 

 into the rail, and the heads covered with bungs set in white lead. 



Monkey rail. — The monkey-rail, or quarter-rail, which rests upon the 

 main-rail in the after section of the vessel, is 9 inches high. The rail 

 proper is of white oak, 2J inches thick and G inches wide, worked with 

 a double bead on each edge. 



The "filling-in piece" of the monkey rail is hard pine, 4 inches thick 

 on the lower edge, tapering to 3 inches thick on the upper edge, w'^h 

 the exception of that portion which goes around the stern forming a 

 part of the taffrail, which is made of white oak, increasing in thickness 

 to the midship line to receive the mortise for the main-boom crutch. 



The fastening is f inch copper bolts, going through into the heads of 

 the top timbers or stanchions. The bolts are let into the rail and cov- 

 ered with bungs set in white lead. In the main and quarter rails are 

 holes fitted with appropriate galvanized-iron castings to receive awning 

 stanchions. 



Bulwarks. — The bulwarks are of 1-inch white pine, beaded 3 inches 

 apart, and extending from the main rail down to the covering board on 

 the quarter, and on the main-deck to the waist-plank , which is 9 inches 

 high. There is a water-port in the bulwarks on each side of the quar- 

 ter-deck, just forward of the house; this is 21 inches long by 9 inches 

 wide. 



Bow-chocks. — The bow-chocks, which extend from the fore rigging to 

 the knight-heads on top of the main-rail, are of oak, 5 inches high 

 at the forward end and 2^ inches at the after end, molded 4 inches at 

 bottom and 3J inches at top; bolted to main-rail with § and f-inch 

 bolts, the fastening covered with bungs set in white lead. 



Gat-heads. — The cat-heads are white oak, worked knee shape, and 

 grown to mold; they extend outboard 20 inches, are fitted with a sheave 

 hole in the outer ends, are provided with an iron brace on the after 

 side extending to the main-rail, and eyeboits on the forward side for 

 the jib-boom guys to set up to. They are bolted to a top timber on each 

 side of the bow, 11 feet forward of the fore rigging. 



Bow-grating. — The main-rail forward, about G feet abaft the knight- 



