[15] 



THE SCHOONER GRAMPUS. 



451 



gaffs for the gaff-topsail sheets, and cleats on the maiu-boom for belay- 

 ing reef-tackle, boom tackle, and toppinglift-fall to. 



Crutches. — There is a white oak crutch, to receive the end of the fore- 

 boom, which steps into the forward side of the main fife-rail ; it is 4 feet 

 9 inches long and 9 inches wide at the upper end, tapering to lower end as 

 required. There is a white oak crutch for the main-boom to rest in which 

 steps into the taffrail ; it is 4 feet 5 inches long, exclusive of that part 

 which enters the taffrail, which is G inches long. The crutch is 15 inches 

 wide at the upper end tapering to 11 inches, where it rests upon the 

 taffrail, and below which it is formed to fit into the socket that receives 

 it. Both of these crutches are concaved at the upper ends, or worked 

 out with a half-round of the proper size to receive the boom they are in- 

 tended for; they have a bolt going through them at the upper and lower 

 ends to prevent splitting. 



Hatches. — The hatches (properly speaking) or hatch coverings, are 

 made in two parts for each hatch ; they are made of 2£-inch pine and 

 oak fastened to 2£ by 2^-iuch carlines of oak. Galvanized iron ring- 

 bolts are fastened into the corners.* 



Declc-lights and ventilators. — There are eight circular deck-lights, 9 

 inches in diameter by 1J inches thick, let into the deck and set tightly 

 in white lead, held in place by composition rings .screwed to deck. 

 There are two gun-metal Andrews's ventilator 

 deck-lights forward, for ventilating the fore- 

 castle*; one of these is located forward of the 

 windlass on the starboard side, and the other 

 abaft the windlass amidships. 



Sail-room man-hole. — Abaft the house, on the 

 starboard side, is the man-hole leading into the 

 sail-room. The cover, and the rim into which it 

 fits, are of brass, and the cover is provided with 

 a special locking arrangement, which secures it 

 firmly iu place. There is, in addition, an open 

 scroll-work brass cover for the man-hole, which 

 can be put on in dry weather for ventilating the 

 sail-room. 



Well-grating. — The top of the well opening, or 

 "curb," is provided with an oak grating which 

 fits on flush with the deck, and is held in place 

 by a galvanized iron bar, 2 inches wide, prop- 

 erly secured at the ends by means of staples. 



Steering wheel. — The steering wheel is the Richardson challenge 

 steerer. It is of the right and left screw pattern in common use on 

 small vessels. 



Fig. 1.— Steering wheel. 



* Under ordinary circumstances the hatches are not used, the hoohy-hatches sup- 

 plying their places, hut they are always kept ready for an emergency, so that in case 

 one of the booby-hatches should be stove they can be instantly put on to prevent 

 water from getting into the hold. Sometimes, in a gale, the main-hatches are put on 

 and secured by the hatch bar underneath the booby-hatch. 



