[33] THE SCHOONER GRAMPUS. 469 



Gratings. — There is a grating forward, flush with the bow-thwart, and 

 one aft, under foot. They are made of ash and black walnut. 



Backboard. — The backboard is made of black walnut, and has on it 

 the vessel's name in gilt letters. 



Footlings and ceiling. — There is a foot-board extending fore and aft, 

 excepting in the bailing well. On either side of this the boat is ceiled 

 up to the floor heads. The foot-board and ceiling has a fastening in 

 each timber. 



Stretchers. — There are four stretchers of oak, 1J inches square, to 

 brace the feet against while rowing. The ends of these rest on cleats 

 on the side of the boat. 



Rowlocks. — There are four thin wooden cleats, two on each side, to re- 

 ceive the metal socket into which the rowlocks go. The rowlocks and 

 sockets are made of polished gun-metal. 



Ringbolts and hoisting irons. — The ring-bolts and hoisting irons are 

 of galvanized wrought iron, and riveted through the stem and stern- 

 post. 



Stem-band and Rudder-braces. — The stem-band and rudder-braces are 

 made of brass. 



Rudder. — The rudder is of oak, fitted with brass gudgeons and brass 

 yoke. 



Mast-clasp. — The mast-clasp is made of galvanized wrought iron, with 

 eye on hinge, so that it can be unhinged from the thwart when it is 

 necessary to take the spar down. 



Boat-hook. — The boat-hook is of polished gun-metal, fastened to an 

 ash pole 6 feet long. 



Oars. — Of ash ; ends of blades coppered to prevent splitting. 



Spars. — Mast, of spruce, 16 feet long, with sheave at upper end for 

 jib halyards. Sprit, of spruce, 16 feet long. 



Sails. — The sails are made of boat drilling, and have the following di- 

 mensions: Mainsail luff, 13 feet; leach, 17 J feet; head, 7 feet; foot, 

 11J feet; jib-leach, lOJfeet : foot, 4 feet; luff, 11 J feet. 



Painter. — The painter is manilla rope, 25 feet long, 2J inches in cir- 

 cumference. 



19. DORIES. 



The dories are of the ordinary type used in the Bank fisheries, so far 

 as form is concerned. The frames, stern, stem, and gunwales are of oak, 

 the bottom of pine, and the planking of seasoned white swamp-cedar. 

 They are fastened with galvanized wrought-iron nails, and built with 

 four streaks instead of three as is the common rule. Each dory has three 

 adjustable thwarts and three partition boards or kid boards of pine. 

 The length is 15 feet on the bottom, and about 19 feet 4 inches overall. 



Each boat is provided with the following equipment: three pairs of 

 9-foot ash oars; eighteen oak thole-pins; one bailing scoop; one white 

 oak, brass-bound, 2-gallon water breaker; a painter, 5 fathoms long, of 



