[5] 



REVIEW OF THE LABROID FISHES. 603 



c. Soft dorsal and anal elevated, produced behind Harpe, 8. 



cc. Soft dorsal and anal low, their outline rounded Lepidaplois, 9. 



bb. Soft dorsal and anal without sheath of scales ; preopercle serrulate (at least in 

 young) ; soft dorsal and anal more or less falcate. 



d. Scales large, about 30; lower limb of preopercle scaly ; posterior canine pres- 



ent ; anterior canines \_ Decodon, 10. 



dd. Scales moderate or small, 45 to 60; both limbs of preopercle naked; adult 

 male with a fleshy hump on the forehead; caudal subtruncate, with 

 the angles more or less produced, 

 e. Posterior canine x>reseut ; anterior canines \ ; dorsal spines 12. 



Trochocopus, 11. 

 ee. Posterior canine obsolete; anterior canines n,; dorsal spines 13. 



Graus, 12. 



Subfamily C -CLEPTICINJE. 



(Labroids with the vertebrae about 27, the dorsal spines 12, and the 

 jaws and lower pharyngeals very small, with small teeth, which are not 

 canine-like. A single species in tropical America.) 



a. Anterior teeth small, feluntish, not canine-like; no posterior canine ; mouth very 

 small, terminal; snout short and blunt ; dorsal and aual enveloped in scales, ex- 

 cept produced tips of both fins; caudal deeply forked ; dorsal spines almost hid- 

 den by series of scales ; head everywhere closely scaled, except on lips and snout: 

 scales of body large ; preopercle serrulate ; gill-rakers slender, short ; pectoral 

 falcate ; lower pharyngeals very small, Y _sua P e d ; their teeth small, very blunt and 

 coalescent ; vertebrae 10+17 Clepticus, 13. 



Subfamily D.-JULIDINJE. 



(Labroid fishes with the vertebrae and dorsal spines in moderate num- 

 ber. Species of the tropics, mostly of small size and bright coloration.) 



I. Lateral line complete and continuous. 

 a. Snout not tubiform ; preopercle entire ; teeth uniserial ; none of the teeth chisel- 

 shaped. 

 b. Cheeks and opercles scaly ; posterior canine present ; scales large ; snout 

 pointed ; base of dorsal without scaly sheath. 



PSEUDOLABRUS, 14. 



bb. Cheeks and opercles naked, 

 c. Scales small, 70 to 80 in the course of the lateral line ; dorsal spines 9, all, 

 except sometimes the two anterior, pungent ; posterior ca- 

 nines present ; anterior canines mostly | ; the outer pair some- 

 times small ; lips very fleshy ; lower pharyngeals T-shaped, 

 the posterior border not concave, the median tooth of the 



posterior row blunt, enlarged; anal spines 3 Julis, 15. 



cc. Scales large, 25 to 30 in the lateral line ; anal spines, 2 or 3. 



d. Dorsal spines 9 ; dorsal enlarged, without scaly sheath ; scales of breast 

 not enlarged. 

 e. Anterior canines f, the outer enlarged, bent outwards and backwards ; 

 lower pharyngeals y-shaped, the posterior border concave. 



Leptojulis, 6. 

 ee. Anterior canines all normal in position ; lower pharyngeals T-shaped, 

 with numerous teeth. 

 /. Posterior canine well developed on both sides ; dorsal spines pun- 

 gent Halichceres, 17. 



