[25] REVIEW OF THE LABROID FISHES. 623 



cc. Interoperclo wholly naked (American species), (Tautogolabrus Giinther). 



e. Scales rather small, about 46 in the lateral line; body rather robust, the 

 depth 3 in length; the head 3£; snout short, not very sharp; eye 

 shorter than snout 4£ in head ; cheeks with small scales, in 5 rows ; 

 dorsal spines low and pungent ; color livid blue, shaded with brown- 

 ish above aud with more or less of a brassy luster on sides ; head 

 and back sometimes spotted with brassy ; young with darker blotches 

 and markings, and often a black blotch near middle of dorsal fin. D. 

 XVIII, 10 ; A. Ill, 9 ; scales (3-46-17 ; vertebra) 17 + 19 = 36. 



ADsrEKSUS, 22. 

 ee. [Scales rather large, 37 or 38 in the lateral line ; head about 4£ in total 

 length ; depth 3§ ; eye 4f in head ; scales on cheeks in 5 rows; middle 

 of the opercle scaly, the last row of smaller scales, and falling almost 

 wholly on the subopercle ; preopercle finely serrate, interopercle scale- 

 less; color of body golden brown, paler below ; soft dorsal and anaj 

 regularly dotted with small brown spots ; scales of upper part edged 

 with dark brown; D. XIX, 9; A. Ill, 9; scales 5 or 6-37 or 38-14.] 

 (Steindachncr.) Brandaonis, 23. 



20. CTENOLABRUS IRIS. 



Lappanella. 



Ctenolabrus iris Cuv. & Val., xiii, 236, pi. 374, 1839 (Naples; Sicily ; Malta) ; Giinther 

 iv, 90 (Sicily) ; and of authors. 



Habitat. — Mediterranean . 



Etymology : Iris, rainbow. 



We have not studied this species. It has evidently affinities with Sym- 

 phodus rostratus, and excepting in its dentition it resembles Symphodus 

 rather than the more boreal species which are typical of Ctenolabrus. 



21. CTENOLABRUS SUILLUS. 



Labrus suillus Linnseus, Syst. Nat. Ed. x, 1758, 285 (West Gotha); and of copyists. 



Labrus rupestris Liuimous, Syst. Nat., 1. c, 286; and of copyists. 



Ctenolabrus rupestris Cuv. & Val., xiii, 223; Giinther, iv. 89; Steindachner, Ichth. 



Ber., 1868, 32; Day, British Fishes, 264 ; and of most recent writers. 

 Sparus carudse LactSpckle, iv, 148, 1803 (after Labrus rupestris L.). 

 Labrus einercus Pallas, Zoog. Rosso-Asiat., iii, 267, 1811. 

 Ctenolabrus marginal us Cuy. &. Val., xiii, 232, 1839. 

 Ctenolabrus acutus Cuv. & Val., xiii, 235, 1839. 



Habitat. — Coasts of Europe, especially northward ; rare in the Medi- 

 terranean. 



Etymology : SuMus, belonging to swine. 



We have not studied this species, which is one of the common fishes 

 of northern Europe, reaching a length of fi inches. Of the two Lin- 

 noean names for this species that of Labrus suillus has, unfortunately, 

 the priority of a page. 



22. CTENOLABRUS ADSPERSUS (Plate I, fig. 1). 



Gunner; Chogset; Bergall; Blue Perch. 



Labrus burgall Schoapf, Gesellsch. Naturf. Freunde, viii, 155, 1788 (New York). 

 Labrus ads2)ersus Walbaum, Artedi Piscium, 254, 1792 (after Schcepf). 



