[29] REVIEW OF THE LABROID FISHES. 627 



teemed as a food fish. It changes much iii the course of its growth, and 

 it has thus received several specific names. The oldest binomial name 

 is that of Labrus maximus Walbaum, based on the Great Hog Fish 

 ofOatesby. The Labrus falcatus of Linuseus is doubtless a species of 

 Trachinotus. 



Genus VIII.— HARPE. 



Bodianus Btoch, Ickthyol., iv, 33, 1790 (iu part; not as restricted by Cuvier). 



Harpe Lacepede, Hist. Nat. Poiss., iv, 426, 1802 (cwrulco -aureus = rtif us). 



Cossyphus Cuvier & Valenciennes, xiii, 102, 1839 (bodianus=rufus) (name pre-occu- 

 pied in Coleoptera and in birds). 



Crenilabrus Swaiusou, Nat. Hist. Class'n Fishes, ii, 1839 (verves =ruf us) (not of 

 Cuvier). 



? Lepidaplois Gill, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1862, 140 (axillaris ; species with the 

 dorsal fins low, not falcate, the preoperclar limb scaly, the snout pro- 

 duced). 



? Euhypsocara Gill, op. cit., 1863, 222 (anthioides ; dorsal and anal not falcate; 

 limb of preopercle scaly, snout short). 



? Gymnopropoma Gill, op. cit., 1863, 222 (bilunulata ; as in the last, but limb of pre- 

 opercle naked). 



Harpe Gill, 1. c, 1863, 222 (bodianus ; soft dorsal and anal falcate). 



? Achoerodus Gill, op. cit., 1863, 222 (gouldi ; species without posterior canine, and 

 with the scales smaller than usual ; lat. 1. 39 ; probably a distinct genus). 



Bodianus Poey, Rep. Fis. Nat. Cuba, ii, 331, 1867 (bodianus). 



Type : Harpe coeruleo aureus Lac6pede = rufus L. 



Etymology : *Apnr), scythe, in allusion to the falcate fins. 



The genus Bodianus, as originally constructed, was a most heteroge- 

 neous assemblage of species, having only the supposed common char- 

 acter of the head naked anteriorly, the preopercle entire, and the 

 opercle spinous. Most of the species originally included are JSerranoid 

 fishes. The name, however, was taken from the species called Bodia- 

 nus bodianus. The word bodianus is the Portuguese Bodiano, or rather 

 Pudiano, a name still used in Brazil for various Labroid fishes. For 

 this reason the name Bodianus has been taken by Gill and Poey for 

 this group instead of using it for the Labroid genus Enneacentrus or 

 Cephalopholis, to which it was restricted by Cuvier. It seems to me 

 that the first restriction must hold. The name Harpe, an euphonious 

 and appropriate one, comes next iu order of time and may be used 

 instead of Cossyphus. The latter name has been in general use, although 

 it has been twice used before its application to these fishes. All of the 

 American species of Harpe, in fact ail the American Harpinw, have the 

 soft parts of the dorsal and anal fins produced in angular lobes, and 

 often in long streamers. This is true of few or none of the Old World 

 species, which are also somewhat different in squamation and in the 

 form of the head. It is probable that Gill is right in separating these 

 from Harpe to form the genus Lepidaplois. Of the later subdivisions 

 of Lepidaplois , Achcerodus will perhaps prove to represent a different 

 genus, but the value of the characters used to distinguish Euhypsocara 

 and Gymnopropoma can not be very great. 



