[35] REVIEW OF THE LABROID FISHES. G33 



aa. Scales small, about 60 in the lateral line. (Pimclometopon, Gill.) 



c. Body somewhat deep and compressed, the head 3 in length ; depth 3 ; eye 

 5 in head; snout rather blunt; caudal truncate, its lobes being pro- 

 duced and pointed in the adult ; gill-rakers short and thickish ; scales on 

 breast small ; preopercle serrulate in young. Color (males) : head, dorsal, 

 anal, and caudal fins, also the posterior part of body as far forward as vent, 

 purplish black; lower jaw white; the rest of body varying in tint from 

 clear crimson to blackish, with coppery or purplish luster; females dusky 

 rose-colored, with the black areas ill-defined or obsolete. D. XII, 10 ; A. 



Ill, 12; hit. 1.60 ruLCHER,34. 



cc. [Snout pointed ; outer lobes of caudal noticeably produced as are also the soft 

 dorsal and anal; preopercle entire. Color, red; a large, yellow blotch 

 above the pectoral, and a black one anteriorly on the spinous dorsal.] D. 

 XII, 10; A. Ill, 12; lat. 1. 62. ( Valenciennes) Darwinii, 35. 



34. TROCHOCOPUS PULCHER. (Plate IV.) 



(California Redfish; Fathead.) 



Labrus pulcher Ayres, Proc. Cal. Acad. Nat. Sci., i, 3, 1354 (San Diego). 



Semicossyphus pulcher Giinther, iv, 99, 1862 (copied). 



I'imelometopon pulcher Gill, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1864, 59 ; Jordan, Proc 



U. S. Nat. Mus., 1880,29 (San Diego); Jordan &, Gilbert, 1. c.,455; Jordan 



and Jouy, 1. c, 1881, 10 (Wilmington, Santa Barbara, Cal.). 

 Harpe pulcher Jordan & Gilbert, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 1881, 278 (Ascension Island, 



Lower California); Jordan & Gilbert, Syn. Fish. N. Am., 1883,602. 

 Trochocopus pulcher Rosa Smith, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 1883, 233 (Todos Santos) ; 



Jordan, Cat. Fish. N. Am., 93, 1885; Jordan, Nat. Hist. Aquat. Auim., 275, 



1885 (Point Conception to Cerros Island). 



Habitat. — Coast of southern California, from Point Conception to 

 Cerros Island. 



Etymology : Pulcher, beautiful. 



This large and handsome fish is very common on the coast of southern 

 California, and it is taken in enormous numbers in the kelp of the coast. 

 It is taken chiefly by the Chinese, with hook and line. It is salted and 

 dried by them. It reaches a weight of 12 to 15 pounds. The male is 

 quite different in color from the female, and the old specimens, as usual 

 with large Labroids, have the forehead surmounted by a mass of fat. 



The specimens before us are from San Diego. 



35. TROCHOCOPUS DARWINII. 



Cossyphus darwinii Jenyns, Voy. Beagle, Fishes, 100, pi. 20, 1842 (Chatham Island, 



Galapagos). 

 Trochocopus darwinii Giinther, iv, 100, 1862 (copied). 

 Pimelometopon darwinii Gill, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 1864,59. 

 Labrus aper Valenciennes, Voy.de la Venus, Zool.,338; Poiss., pi. 8, f. 1 (Galapagos 



Island) (text, 1855 ; plates, 1846). 



Habitat. — Galapagos Islands. 



Etymology : Named for its discoverer, Charles Darfrin. 



This species is known to us from descriptions only. It is evidently 

 very closely related to T. pulcher, differing from the latter chiefly in 

 color. 



