160 CYPRESSES AND JUNIPERS 
apology for dragging into the arena the Juniper at 
all. A Juniper’s foliage can generally be detected 
by the presence of two quite different-looking kinds 
of leaves. It is a tree that in the case of one group 
(the Sabine) changes, after twelve years or so, its 
acicular, primordial, or juvenile leaves into a more 
Cypress-looking foliage. As it, however, retains the 
evidences of its youthful leaves in patches among 
the adult leaves, it bequeaths a very telling evidence 
as to its real origin which need not, and should not, 
be lost sight of. 
DIFFERENCES IN SHAPE OF BRANCHES AND BRANCH- 
LETS OF THE CUPRESSINEE 
The first point about the branchlet shape of ‘the 
different members of this tribe that our attention is 
called to by eminent writers is that some of them 
are flat-leaved and others tetragonal, or, in other 
words, equal- or four-sided. This does not refer to 
‘the older branches and stems; they are round in 
appearance, and what is more properly described as 
equal-sided. It is only the green leaflet-covered 
herbaceous-looking little extremity of branchlet 
arrangement—if we may be permitted the use of 
a rather unbotanical use of language—to which we 
refer, and a discerning between them as to what is 
flat and what is round should not constitute a greater 
difficulty of discrimination than an adjudication 
upon the difference in shape of a lemon sole and a 
normally nourished whiting, if displayed for our 
examination upon a fishmonger’s slab. 
To sum up, then, the Eu-Cupressi are the repre- 
sentatives of the rounder or quadrangular, and the 
Chamecyparis of the flatter-leaved fraternities of 
the Cupressinez race, and respectively also of the 
