282 
Stem, structure of, 65-74*. 
Stemless plants, #55, 56. 
Stems, 49-85%. 
Stems, climbing, #56, *57, 58. 
Stems, storage of food in, 82-85. 
Stems, twining, #57, 58. 
Stem-structure, early history of, 71- 
73%, 
Sterigmata, 229. 
Sterilization, 214. 
Stigma, #153. 
Stigma, structure of, *164, #165. 
Stinging hair, #126. 
Stipe, *228, 229. 
Stipules, *100, #101. 
Stomata, #128, #129, 130, 132, 133. 
Stomata, operation of, 132, 153. 
Stone-fruit, #187. 
Storage of food in the root, 87- 
39. 
Storage of food in the stem, 82, &3. 
Strawberry, *189. 
Struggle for existence, 200-205. 
Study of buttercup flower, 146, 147. 
Study of lemon, 181, 182. 
Study of tomato, 181. 
Study of trillium flower, 143, 144. 
Study of tulip flower, 144-146. 
Style, #158, *165. 
Sugar, 11. 
Sugar, formed during germination, 
11. 
Sundew, 119-121*. 
Supernumerary buds, 89. 
Survival of the fittest, 205, 206. 
Sweet pea, flowers, #150. 
Symmetrical, 149. 
Taper-pointed, App., *264, 
Taproot, *34, 
ELEMENTS OF BOTANY 
Teleutospores, #227. 
Temperature and root-absorption, 
40. 
Temperature, relation to germina- 
tion, 7, &. 
Tendril, #108. 
Tendril climbers, #56, 57. 
Terminal bud, 50, 88, #90. 
Terminal flowers, App., *268. 
Tertiary root, 30. 
Testa, *5. 
Thallophytes, 210, 212-236*, 
Thallophytes, study of, 218-234*. 
Thallus, 212. 
Thermostat, 8. 
Thistle, Russian, #193, 205. 
Thorns as branches, 124. 
Thyme, stoma of, *129. 
Tickle-grass, #195. 
Tomato, study of, 181. 
Transition from stamens to petals, 
#160. 
Transpiration, 181-155, 
Transpiration, amount of, 154, 135. 
Transpiration, measurement of, 
#138, 134. 
Transportation by water, 195, 
Trees, 54. 
Trees, age of, 54, 55. 
Trillium, study of flower of, 143, 
144. 
Tropeolum leaf, App., #264. 
Tropweolum leaves, starch in, 139, 
#140, 
Tropeolum, petiole, coiling of, *57. 
Tropophytes, 114. 
Truncate, App., *264. 
Trunk, 52. 
Tuber, 59, *60. 
Tubular corolla, #152. 
