LINDEN FAMILY 157 
2. V. estivalis Michx. Summer Grapr. Stem climbing high; 
bark shreddy. Leaves broadly heart-shaped, 3-5-lobed, the lobes 
dentate, notches rounded, white-woolly when young, often nearly 
smooth when old; tendrils or panicles opposite 2 out of every 3 
leaves, panicles long and slender. Fruit dark blue, small, very acid. 
In rich woods E. and 8.* 
3. V.cinerea Engelm. Downy Grapr. Branchlets angular, covered 
with whitish or grayish down. Leaves entire or slightly 3-lobed, with 
whitish or grayish down, especially on the under side. Berries small, 
black, without bloom. S.W. 
4. V. cordifolia Michx. Frost Grape, CHIcKEN GRAPE. Leaves 
rather smooth, thin, and shining, either not lobed or somewhat 3-lobed, 
heart-shaped, with the notch at the base deep and acute, taper-poiuted, 
with large, sharp teeth. Flower clusters large and loose. Grapes 
shining black, very sour, not ripening until after frosts; seeds 1 or 
2, rather large. Moist thickets and banks of streams 8, 
5. V. vulpina L. RiversipE oR SWEET-SCENTED GRAPE. Re- 
sembling V. cordifolia, but the leaves more shining and more com- 
monly 3-lobed. Fruit bluish-black, with a bloom, moderately sweet, 
+ in. or more in diameter, beginning to ripen in July. Along ponds 
and streams, especially W. and S.W. - 
6. V. rotundifolia Michx. Muscapine Grape. Stem climbing 
high; joints short; bark not shreddy; wood very hard, often pro- 
ducing long, aérial roots. Leaves orbicular, heart-shaped at the base, 
coarsely toothed, nearly or quite smooth. Panicle small. Grapes tew 
in acluster, large. The original form of the Scuppernong grape. 8.* 
64. TILIACEZ. Linpen Famiry 
Trees or shrubs, rarely herbs. Leaves alternate, with 
stipules. Flowers bisexual in cymes, the latter usually in 
corymbs or panicles. Sepals 5. Petals 5 or fewer, or want- 
ing. Stamens many, inserted on a swollen disk. Ovary 2-10- 
celled, with one or more ovules in each cell. Fruit 1-12-celled, 
dry or berry-lhke. 
TILIA L. 
Trees with rough gray bark on the trunk; bark of the twigs 
smooth, lead-colored; wood white and soft. Leaves cordate, 
usually inequilateral. Cymes axillary or terminal, peduncles 
adnate to a large, prominently veined, leaf-like bract. Flowers 
yellowish-white. Sepals 5. Petals 5. Stamens many, in 5 
