GENTIAN FAMILY 191 
2. S. persica L. Persran Linac. A more slender and less 
branched shrub than No. 1. Leaves lance-ovate, somewhat nar- 
rowed or tapering at the base. Flowers in rather loose clusters, not 
very sweet-scented, pale lilac or white. Corolla lobes ovate, some- 
what bent inward. Pods linear. Cultivated from western Asia, less 
common than No. 1. 
IV. CHIONANTHUS L. 
Shrubs or small trees. Leaves simple, opposite, entire, 
petioled, deciduous. Flowers in panicles borne on wood of 
the previous season. Calyx small, 4-cleft, persistent. Corolla 
wheel-shaped, 4-parted, the lobes long and linear. Stamens 
2-4, included, inserted on the base of the corolla. Style short; 
stigma 2-lobed. Fruit a 1-seeded drupe.* 
1. C. virginica L. Fringe Tree, OLp Man’s Bearp. A small 
tree, with smooth, light gray bark and spreading branches. Leaves 
oval to oblong, acute or obtuse at each end, smooth or slightly 
downy. Panicles large and loose, leafy-braeted, appearing with the 
leaves. Flowers on slender, drooping pedicels. Petals 1 in. or more 
in length. Fruit ovoid, purple, }-? in. long. Along streams, usually 
on light soil.* 
V. LIGUSTRUM L. 
Shrubs. Leaves simple, opposite, entire, deciduous or some- 
times persistent. Flowers in terminal panicles or similar 
clusters, white, small. Calyx minutely 4-toothed or truncate. 
Corolla funnel form, 4-lobed. Stamens 2, short, inserted in the 
tube of the corolla. Ovary free, 2-celled, 2 ovules in each cell; 
style short. Fruit a 1-4-seeded, globose berry.* 
1. L. vulgare L. Priver. A branching shrub, 4-10 ft. high; 
branches long and slender. Leaves somewhat leathery, lanceolate to 
obovate, short-petioled, tardily deciduous. Panicles dense, minutely 
downy. Flowers } in. wide, fragrant. Stamens included. Berries 
black. Introduced from Europe and used largely for hedges.* 
80. GENTIANACEZ. Gentian FAMILY 
Annual or perennial herbs. Leaves entire, usually opposite, 
sometimes alternate, without stipules. Flowers actinomor- 
phic, solitary or in cymes. Calyx hypogynous, 4-8-toothed 
or lobed. Corolla hypogynous, wheel-, bell-, or funnel-shaped, 
