DOGBANE FAMILY 193 
anthers somewhat attached to the stigma. Ovary of 2 carpels, 
free or somewhat united ; style short; stigma entire or 2-cleft. 
Fruit of 2 many-seeded pods (in the genera here described). 
I. AMSONIA Walt. 
Perennial herbs. Stems erect, branched. Leaves alternate. 
Flowers in terminal panicles. Calyx small, 5-parted. Corolla 
small, pale blue, funnel- or salver-form, downy within. Sta- 
mens inserted above the middle of the tube, included. Ovary 
of 2 carpels, united at the top by the slender style; stigma 
globose, surrounded by a cup-shaped appendage. Fruit 2 slen- 
der, erect, many-seeded follicles ; seeds without tufts of hairs.* 
1. A. Tabernemontana Walt. Amsonra. Stem smooth and gla- 
brous, branched above, 2-3 ft. high. Leaves lanceolate, entire, 
acuminate at the apex, acute at the base, smooth above, with a 
bloom or slightly downy beneath, short-petioled. Flowers numer- 
ous, on bracted pedicels. Corolla tube slender, smooth or sometimes 
downy above; the lobes narrow, as long as the tube. Follicles 
slender, spreading, 4-6 in. long; seeds downy. Swamps and wet 
ground 8.* 
Il. VINCA L. 
Perennial herbs or small, slender shrubs; juice not per- 
ceptibly milky. Leaves evergreen. Flowers solitary, white, 
blue, or purple. Calyx 5-parted; lobes taper-pointed, glandu- 
lar inside at the base. Corolla salver-shaped, thickened at the 
throat, 5-lobed. Stamens 5, inserted on the upper or middle 
part of the corolla tube. Ovary of 2 carpels. Pods 2, slender, 
cylindrical, many-seeded. 
1. V. minor L. Pertwinkie. Stem slender, trailing, often rooting 
at the nodes, 1-3 ft. long. Leaves ovate, acute at the apex, short- 
petioled, bright green. Flowers axillary, solitary, 1 in. wide. Calyx 
with linear lobes nearly as long as the inflated tube of the blue 
corolla. Matured pods slender, slightly divergent. Introduced from 
Europe and common in gardens.* 
Il. APOCYNUM L. 
Perennial herbs. Stems with very tough bark, branched 
above. Leaves opposite, entire. Flowers in terminal and 
axillary bracted cymes. Calyx small, 5-parted, lobes acute. 
