VERBENA FAMILY 207 
the lower ones narrowed at the base. Corolla narrow, its lobes lance- 
awl-shaped, slightly bearded outside with long bristles. In dry 
thickets or on hillsides. 
2. 0. hispidissimum Mackenzie. Stem stout, upright, 1-+ ft. high, 
shaggy with long bristly hairs. Leaves from lanceolate to oblong, 
acute, 2-44 in. long. Corolla rather broad, its lobes ovate-triangular 
or triangular-lanceolate. thickly hairy outside. Nutlets with a very 
short neck at the base. Rich soil along river banks and bottom lands. 
VI. ECHIUM L. 
Herbs or sometimes shrubs, usually stout, coarse, and hairy. 
Leaves entire. Flowers white, reddish-purple or blue, in spiked 
or panicled racemes. Calyx 5-parted. Corolla tube cylindrical 
or funnel-shaped; the throat dilated; the limb with 5 unequal 
lobes. Filaments unequal, attached to the corolla below, pro- 
jecting from the corolla. Style thread-like; stigma 2-lobed. 
Nutlets 4, ovoid or top-shaped, wrinkled. 
1. E. vulgare L. Breve Tnistite, Brut Weep. Birr Devirs. 
Stems 1-3 it. high, more or less erect, leafy, covered with stinging 
hairs. Root leaves lanceolate or oblong, petioled, 4-8 in. long ; 
stem leaves sessile, acute, rounded at the base. Flowers showy, 
reddish-purple in the bud, changing to bright blue. A very trouble- 
some weed, especially in fallow fields. Naturalized trom Europe. 
87. VERBENACEZ. VERBENA FAMILY 
Herbs, shrubs, or trees. Leaves opposite or whorled, with- 
out stipules. Flowers zygomorphic, in bracted cymes. Calyx 
hypogynous, cleft or toothed. Corolla hypogynous, tubular. 
usually more or less 2-lipped. Stamens usually + (2 long and 
2 short), inserted on the corolla tube. Ovary usually 2—4-celled 
(in Phryma 1-celled), with the style springing from its summit. 
I. VERBENA L. 
Annual or perennial herbs. Leaves simple, opposite, ser- 
tate or pinnately lobed. Flowers in terminal spikes which 
become much elongated in fruit. Calyx tubular, 5-ribbed, 5- 
toothed. Corolla salverform or funnelform, the tube often 
curved, bearded in the throat, limb spreading, 5-lobed, often 
