INTRODUCTION. 
The present volume is the tenth of the series, and the date of its publi- 
cation is the tenth anniversary of the inception of the work which the series 
describes. It seems, therefore, that a few words as to the nature of the whole 
work and of the results obtained in the course of it, may not be out of place. 
The original plan, as explained in the introduction to the first volume, was 
to publish in a long series, extending it might be over as many as fifteen 
years, a flora which should contain full descriptions of all plants found 
in Formosa. That plan, however, was slightly altered even in the first 
volume, owing to the necessity of limiting in advance the number of pages so 
as not to exceed the grant made by the Government. That first portion of 
the work contains an enumeration of plants, with descriptions of new or 
noteworthy plants, references to species (as far as accessible), and a key 
to the families, genera and species with their respective localities and geo- 
graphical distributions. It had been my intention to pursue this altered plan 
in the case of the second volume; but owing to a further reduction of the 
grant, I was compelled to cut out neary all references to species. Descriptions 
were given only in the case of plants which were new or of which I had not 
found adequate descriptions. Thus, in the first snd second volumes, I treated 
all Formosan plants, so far as known to us up to that time, belonging to 
families from the Ranunculaces to the Dipsaces. In the third volume, it was 
my desire to treat the remaining families so as to complete the flora in the 
rather compact form of a conspectus. But, then the new materials with which 
I had been loaded down since 1910, and especially two collections made by 
myself in my two excursions to the island (in 1912) had become so numerous 
that it had required my whole time to work up even the first part of them, and 
that had compzlled me to put off, for some years, the continuation of the con- 
spectus which made up the first and second volumes. The third and following 
volumes were, therefore, devoted almost exclusively to the results of studies of 
the materials which had been worked up since 1911. These were given con- 
tinuously under the heading, “ Contributions to the Flora of Formosa, I. IT. etc.” 
The present volume gives the last part of the contributions and contains 
studies on species and varieties ranging from the Violacese down to the Poly- 
podiacee. All the species of phanerogamous plants are here arranged, as in 
the preceding volumes, after the system of BENTHAM and Hooker, while those 
