132 
referred to. Their positions, therefore, cannot be definitely settled. 
As to the Farinosee and Liliiflore, ENGLER says” that the two series 
should be placed at a lower stage than the Scitaminese and Microsperme. 
He is right in that, but only in so far as their zygomorphy or some other 
characters are considered. But, some of the Microspermz approach rather 
towards the Helobiz ; certain of the Scitaminese resemble in some measure the 
Farinose. When we look at the series in a light different from that in which 
EncLer has regarded them, their natural positions must be different from those 
stated by ENGLER. 
The natural relations of the Farinose to other series are not so simple 
as to warrant their being placed next to the Liliiflore. In reality they are 
so complicated that they ought to be placed in dynamic positions changeable 
according to our ways of looking at them. The alliance of this series with 
the Helobiz and Glumiflore has already been referred to. It remains to 
compare them with other series. In the first place, the series bears some 
resemblance to the Liliiflore, as the Flagellariacee” agree with Juncacese in 
having 5-whorled flowers with homoghlamydeous perianth; as the Bro- 
meliacese” approach the Amaryllidaces in their vegetative organs; and, as 
the Cyanastracese” come close to the Hemodoraces. In the second place, the 
Farinosee are also related to the Scitamines, as can be seen in the analogous 
features of the Bromeliacex” and Scitaminacess, which features are shown 
in the perianths separated in the outer calyx-like, and the inner corolla-like, 
whorls. 
The natural relations of the Liliifloree to other series, too, are not such 
as to justify us in giving the series a fixed position. The resemblance which 
it bears to the Glumiflore, Farinose, Helobie and Spathiflorse, has already 
been discussed. Some analogous points between the Amaryllidacee and 
Burmanniacez point out the relationship of the Liliifloree and Microsperme”. 
Next in EnGer’s system come the Scitamines”. The relations of this 
1) Eneurr, A. — Erliuterungen, 1. c. p. 361. 
2) Nat. Pfl.-fam. IL—4, p. 1. 3) Nat. Pfl-fam. IL—4, p. 40. 
4) Nat. Pfl-fam. Nacht. IIL. p. 43. 5) Nat. Pél-fam. IL—4,-p. 40. 
6G) Nat. Pfl-fam. IL—6, p. 46. 7) Enoier, A. — Erlduterungen, 1. v. p. 361. 
