146 
fruits and in the oblique symmetry of the flowers; the Malpighiacee”, to the 
Balsaminacee, in the oblique symmetry of the flowers; the Trigoniacez”, to 
the Balsaminacess, Hippocrateacese and Sapindacaze; the Vochysiacee, to the 
Balsaminaces” ; and finally the Euphorbiaceae, to the Empetracese (E1cHirr) 
and to the Celastraces”, as can be seen in a certain degree of agree 
ment between Drypetes (Euph.) and Elaodendron (Celast.). The relation 
of the Geraniales to the Parietales is shown clearly in the accord 
of the Linacex™ with the Ternstroemiacex, in that of the Simarubacexw with the 
Dipterocarpaces” in the presence of a ring of secretory - canals in the medulla- 
crown, and in the greater or less resemblance of the Malpighiacese and the 
Ancistrocladacee.” Their alliance to the Myrtifloree is indicated by the 
resemblance of the Vochysiacee” and the Oenotheracesee (DE CANDOLLE, 
Warminc, EIcHLER), and by that of the Callitrichacee” and the Halorr- 
hagaces’? (De CaNnpoLLe, Bents.-Hoox.). With the Rhamnales, the connec- 
tion is found in the agreement of the Geraniacez and the Rhamnacex, as 
can be seen in the floral diagram of Geranium and Rhamnus\. Their 
relation to the Sympetale is rather apparent, as is shown in the gamopetalous 
genera Stephanopodium and Tapura (which is even zygomorphous) of the 
Dichapetalacee’, and in the fruit and single coated ovules of the Callitri- 
chaceee. Finally, their relation to the Coniferse should be considered ; the’ 
presence of the similar resin - ducts in the Burseraces' on the one hand and 
in the Pinaces on the other is so striking that we are compelled to take this 
character as representing one of their natural relations. 
Secondly, we shall consider the natural relations which the Sapindales 
bear to other series and see whether it is really natural to place this series, 
in any case, together with the Geraniales, before the Malvales and the 
Parietales. Its relations to the Julianiales, Santalales, Ranales, Geraniales, 
1) Nat. Pfl-fam. I1—5, p. 388. 2) 1. I—4, p. ? 
3) lc. IIL—5, p. 388. 4) 1. TLS, p. 13. 
5) 1. IL—5, p. 198. 6) 1. ov. IIL—4, p. 30. 
7) 1. « ITL—6, p. 252. 8) Nat. Pfl-fam. IIL—6, p. 276. 
9) Le. TIL—4, p. 315. 10) 1. ¢. IIl—5, p. 122. 
11) le. WL—7, p. 230. 12) Wertstmn, R. R.—L ¢. p. 613. 
13) Nat. Pflfam. IIL—4, p. 347. 14) 1 e. I—5, p. 122. 
15) Nat. Pf-fam. IIL—4, p.'333. 
