189 
rate, the very close relation of the Aizoacess to the Cactacese is incontestable, 
as can be seen in the floral diagram of Mesembrianthemum and Opuntia. 
83 Portulacaceze”: Closely related to the Caryophyllacex in the ‘struc- 
ture of its ovaries and seeds; also allied to the Aizoaces through the semi- 
inferior ovary of Portulaca and in numerous petals and sepals of Lewisia (both 
of the Portulacacez). 
84 Basellacese”: Near the Portulacaces. 
85 Caryophyllacee: Related to the Amarantacem, Chenopodiacex, 
Phytolaccaceze, Portulacacese, Nyctaginacese, Aizoaces, in the structure of the 
placenta, ovules and seeds. 
Series XXIX. Ranales 
86 Nymphezaceze™®: The close connections of this family with the Ber- 
beridaceze are seen in the agreement of Nelumbo, Cabomba of the Nymphea- 
cere, and Podophyllum, Jeffersonia and Diphylleia of the Berberidacex, in the 
arillus, in the presence of vasculalar bundles in the medulla, in the distinct 
floral elements. Also related to some of the Papaveraces in the attachment 
of the ovules to the wall of the ovary and in the laticiferous vessels. Furthur, 
it agrees with the Ranunculaces in the free floral elements, in the follicles, 
in the small flowers and in the divided submerged leaves of the Cabombee. 
87 Ceratophyllacee”: This family is undoubtedly referable to the 
Ranales in the polymerous segments of the perianth, in the numerous stamens, 
in the convex receptacle, and in the free carpels. ee 
88 Trochodendracee”™: In the absence of vessels in the xylem, this 
family shows some connections with the Conifere. It is certainly comparable 
with the Magnoliacez in the spiral arrangement of the floral elements and in 
the structure of its seeds. But, on the other hand, if the separate carpels, 
perigynous insertion and the small embryo are taken into consideration, it 
should be brought close to the Saxifragacee. 
89 Cercidiphyllacee”: Nearly as above. 
90 Ranunculacee”: Related to the Magnoliacer, Anonaces and 
1) 1 « IL—1, b, p. 52. 2) Nat. Phfam. ILL—1, b, p. 67. 
3) Lc. IL-2, p. 3. 4) Nat. Pfl-fam. IIL—2, p. 12. 
5) 1. o. I1L—2, p. 23. 6) Le. Nactr. WL p. 111. 
7) Nat. Pfl.-fam. IIL.—2, p. 54. 
