THE CELL DOCTRINE. 17 



kidneys, spleen, liver, and membranes of the brain, 

 and with some of these structures his name has 

 become inseparably associated. In 1667, Robert "i 

 Ilooke* pointed out the cellular structure of plants, 

 and Malpighif further elaborated the same subject 

 with considerable accuracy in his " Anatome Planta- 

 rnm," in 167i>. He showed that the walls of the 

 " cells " or " vesicles," were separable, that they could 

 be isolated, and gave to each the name " utrioulus" 

 believing also the " cell," or " utriculus," tb be an 

 independent entity. The latter observer;]: also recog- 

 nized the blood corpuscle. Leeuwenhoek, in 1673,§ 

 described these corpuscles with considerable accuracy, 

 not only in man, but also in the lower animals. He 

 also demonstrated the capillaries, examined most of 

 the tissues, and made the discovery of the sperma- 

 tozoids, which he conceived to be spermatozoa or 

 sperm animals, and of diiJerent sexes. 



Theory of Sailer, 1757. — N"o attempt, however, 

 seems to have been intelligently made at building up 

 the tissues by an ultimate physical element, to cor- 

 respond with the " atom " of the inorganic chemist, 

 prior to that of Haller. He resolved the solid parts 

 of animals and vegetables into the '■'■fibre" {fibra), 



un organe de Secretion. Piivis, 1867, Preface; or a notice of Dr. 

 Fort's book, by the writer, in American Journal of Medical 

 Sciences, October, 1869. 



* Hooke, Rob., Micrographia. London, 1C67. ^ 



f Slalpighi, Anatome Plantarura. London, 1670. 



X Malpighi, Opera Posthuma. London, 1697. 



g Leeuwenhoelj, Opera Omnia seu Arcana Naturas detecta. 

 Tom. ii, p 421. Leyden, 1687. Vel Opera Omnia, etc., Lugd. 

 Batav., 1722. 



2* 



