78 THE CELL DOCTRINE. 



velopecl by Max Schultze in 1858, and finally estab- 

 lished by him in 1861.* He first showed the anal- 

 ogy between sarcode and the contents of the animal 

 cell, and that the entire infusorial world, simple or 

 compound, is made np of cells, thus extending the 

 typical formative element of Schwann to the entire 

 organized creation. 



The comparison between sarcode and the proto- 

 plasm of plants on the one hand, and that of animal 

 cells on the other, was also made by PringBheim,f 

 E. Brueke,t E. H8eckel,§ and W. Kiihne,l| and by 

 their eftbrts, together with those of Max Schultze, 

 linger, and Cohn, our knowledge of the indepen- 

 dent life of the cell was extended, in a very short 

 space of time, further than in the twenty years pre- 

 vious.Tf 



The name protoplasm ior a portion of the contents 

 of the animal cell had already been brought into use 

 by Remak, who extended it from the layer which 

 bore that name in the vegetable cell to the analogous 

 element in the animal cell.** 



* Schultze, Max, Mull. Archiv, 1861, p. 17. 



■j- Pringsheim, Untersuchungnn iiber d. Bau. u. d. Bildung d. 

 Pflanzenzellen, 1854. 



X Briicke, E., Elementar-organismen, Wien. Sitzungsb., 1861. 



§ Hseckel, E., Die Radiolaren, 1862. 



II Kiihne, W., Protoplasm und die Contractilitat. Lpzg.,1864. 



Tf Strieker, S., Handbuch der Lehre von den Geweben des 

 Menschen und der Thiere. Leipzig, 1868, p. 8, German Ed. 

 ** Sterling, J. H., As regards Protoplasm in relation to Prof. 

 Huxley's Essay on the Physical Basis of Life. Edinburgh, 1869, 

 p. 14. Conf. also McNab, Monthly Mioroso. J., No. xvii, vol. 

 iii, 1870, p. 33. 



