THE CELL DOCTRINE. 87 



which he does not speak as a new or young centre 

 of protoplasm. 



Formed material, instead of being active, so far as 

 the vital acts described as characteristic of germinal 

 matter are concerned, is 'passive, non-acting, dead, and 

 can only increase at the expense and death of the 

 germinal matter, on the periphery of which it is 

 formed. It difters widely in its appearance, and is 

 often " structured " as in muscle and nerve, but not 

 necessarily so, as is seen in^the intercellular sub- 

 stance of hyaline cartilage. It possesses also cer- 

 tain properties, different in different situations, and 

 widely different also from those of germinal matter. 

 Thus it is contractile in the sarcous tissue of muscle, 

 exhibits neurility in the nerve, is protective in epi- 

 thelium, is diffluent as the formed material of the 

 milk-cell (milk), and in the formed material of the 

 liver-cell (bile). Again, it is hard and elastic in the 

 intercellular substance of cartilage and epidermis, 

 horn and nails. It does not become stained on being 

 soaked in weak solution of carmine in ammonia, and 

 if by reason of the strength of the solution it should 

 happen to be stained, the color will wash out on 

 soaking in glycerin, which is not the case with the 

 coloring of the germinal matter. 



The cause of this permanent staining of the ger- 

 minal matter by an ammoniacal solution of carmine, 

 is thought by Dr. Beale to be due to an acid reaction 

 of this matter, in consequence of which the carmine 

 is precipitated from its alkaline solution. This view 

 would seem to be confirmed by the researches of 

 Eanke on the Beaction of the Tissues. 



