312 GEOLOGY OF EASTERN WISCONSIN. 



slialy layers and partings, closely resembling the upper beds at the Oshkosh quamesj 

 and carrjdng about the same fossils. 



Tlie more recently opened quarry north of this, so far as developed at the time of my 

 visit, showed a more granular rock, abounding in chert. It is important to note that 

 here, BeceptacuHtes Oweni, E. lowensis and Murchisonia bellicmcia, fossils that charac- 

 terize the Galena horizon, occur, associated with Choetetes Igcoperdon, a new species of 

 Chadetes having a large branching form, Streptelasma corniculum, Schizocrinus nodo- 

 sits, a new species of Stictopora, Orthis lynx, 0. testudinaria, 0. disparalis, 0. pectinella, 

 0. tricenaria, Utrophomeiia incrassata, Leptwna sericea, a new species of Ehynchonella, 

 EapMstoma lenticularis, a Helicotoma, resembhng U. planulata, two species resembling 

 Murchisonia belUcinctft, one resembhng Jlf. gracilis, and one like M. percarinaia; a Belle- 

 ro]}hon, a doubtful form of Holopea paludiniformis, and an undetermined Orthoceras. 



From Appleton to De Pere, the Lower Fox river forms a succession of rapids over 

 the heavier and more resistiag ledges of this formation. A description of the beds at 

 Kaukauna will sufficiently indicate the general character of the whole. At that point 

 the layers vary from 6 to 30 inches ui thickness, and have a dip of from 13^" to 2° to the 

 S. of E. The rock is of a duU bluish green or gray hue, and is characterized by very thin, 

 shaly partings between some of the layers, and by thin, irregular, argillaceous laminse 

 through the body of the rock, not sufficient however to notably impair its strength or 

 powers of resisting a.tmospheric influences, since bowlders, that have apparently been ex- 

 posed since the drift period, are stiU sound. Aside from these laminae, the rock has a 

 crystaUine chai-acter, impervious, and compact ia general, though it contains a few cav- 

 ities, some of which are lined with calcite, and occasionally, pyrite. The beds are ver- 

 tically fissured at intervals, afibrdiag facihties for easy quarrying. Some of these fissures 

 are lined with calcite or pyrite. 



These layers contain comparatively few fossils. The mo3t conspicuous and character- 

 istic are Marchisonia bellicincta (major), Lingula qiiadrata, and Fusispira ventricosa. 

 With these are associated several other species, already mentioned as occurring at Osh- 

 kosh, Neenah and Menasha. At Little Chute, a Climacograptus, nearly allied to C. typ- 

 icalis, occurs, and also north of this, in equivalent strata on Duck creek, but is not known 

 to be found at any other horizon. An analysis shows this rock to be a dolomite, with 

 about 8 per cent of impurities, consisting chiefly of siUoa, alumina and iron. 



Duck creek, which runs nearly parallel to the Fox iiver, has also cut away the drift 

 and displayed this formation. At the village of Duck Creek, near its mouth, the mas- 

 sive beds are strikingly similar to those at Kaukauna,- both in lithological character 

 and in organic contents. Murchisonia bellicincta, Fusispira -ventricosa and Lingula 

 giiadrata are again the most noteworthy fossils. Farther up the stream, the beds iure 

 more argillaceous and alternate with shaly, very fossfliferous layers, closely resembling 

 those already described. The leading fossils are graptohtic remains. Chcetetes lycoper- 

 don and a large new species of the same genus, Streptelasma corniculum, Pleurocystitcs, 

 Glyptocystites Logani, a Trematopora, Lingula quadrata, and a species resembhng L. 

 attenuata, Orthis pectinella, and a new species, Strophomena alteniaia, S. incrassata ? 

 Ehynchonella capax, Baphistoma lenticularis, Trochonema umbilicatum, Murchisonia 

 bellicincta and Dalmania callicephala. 



Duck creek, as well as the Fox river, runs along the hne of drift movement, but in the 

 opposite direction. The glacier moved up these valleys and planed, polished and 

 grooved the surface of the rock in the most beautiful manner, as may be observed at 

 any favorable locahty. In this planmg process, the softer portions of the rock were 

 doubtless excavated deepest, leaving the more resisting portions prominent, and these 

 poi-tions form the rapids on these sbreams, and are the parts chiefly observed. The 

 more shaly portions are not observed at aJl on the Fox river, and at but few locahties 

 on Duck Creek. 



