NIAGARA LIMESTONE. 365 



matrix were of tlie same material, and blended in solidification. This association here 

 is an important link in the chsdn of evidence, as we have a precisely similar association 

 witli even textured layers, near Milwaukee, which have been heretofore excluded from 

 the Racine group. 



The position of these beds is also to be taken into account. To the northeast, north- 

 west, southwest and southeast, are outcrops of the characteristic granular rock, withia 

 from one to four miles, ■svith nothing in the topography to favor any other view than 

 that taken. 



About four miles to the southeast (middle N. line Sec. 29, Granville, Milwaukee 

 county), we find a mound of confused, nnstratifled rock, having a north and south axis. 

 The rock is dirty buff in color, and soft, granular, and almost pulverulent in texture. 

 Eighty-five paces to the southeast of this, is a similar, but much smaller, mound, on 

 the north side of which a quarry has been opened in even bedded, rather soft and porous 

 dolomite, the layers of which dip into, or under, the mound at an average angle of about 

 4°. PcDtamenis (Gypidala) niuUicostata abounds in these layers, and, in the larger- 

 mound, is associated with other Niagara fossils. 



Near Milvvankee there are three mounds or ridges of rock that have attracted much 

 attention, and which seem to be regarded as exceptional phenomena, but which, I think, 

 in the light of preceding and subsequent facts, should cease to be so regarded. One of 

 _, .„ these, known as Moody's quarry, is located in 



the Fourth ward of the city of Milwaukee, in 

 the side of the blufl:' facing the Menomonee 

 river. Another is situated in the grounds of 

 the National Military Asylum, and the chief 

 and most noted at the station Raphu, near 

 Wauwatosa, and commonly referred to the 

 Sho-wins the Stkatification at Moody's ]a,tter locality in the literature of the subject. 

 QuABKr, MiLWACKEE. rpj^g distancB from the first to the second, on an 



au: line, is 2)4 miles; from the second to the thh-d, a Kttle more than two miles, and 

 from the first to the third, less tlian 3M miles. Lines jommg them thus would form an 

 obtuse-angled triangle. Within this triangle are two quarries of regularly bedded, 

 horizontal limestone. One of these. Storey's quarry, is about two-thu-ds of a milu 

 northeast of the outcrop in the Asylum gi-ounds, and the other, about the same distance 

 from the Raphu or Wauwatosa mound. Only a tew rods west of the last, there are sim- 

 ilar horizantal beds, having a very close relationship to the mound. These mounds are 

 similar in character. The most striking peculiarity, aside from theh: external form and 

 stratigraphical relations, is the great nregularity of theh: structure. The stratification 

 is obscure, and sometimes apparently wanting. The rock has an hregular texture and 

 varying, but frequently glassy, fracture, and contains many cavities of varymg size and 

 very hregular form. These are sometimes drusy with crystals, sometimes coated with 

 stalagmite, or, again, filled with pulverulent material. The color is also vaiTmg, but usu- 

 ally bluish or yellowish. In composition, it is nearly a pure dolomite, and that fiom 

 Schoonmaker's quarry is used successfully as a flux for h:on at the Bay View furnaces. 



4.S the quarries near Wauwatosa furnish the best exposures, are the most fossilifer- 

 ous and have been the subject of most discussion, it is deshrable that we should enter 

 somewhat into particulars in reference to this interesthig locaUty. If we place ourselves 

 at the extreme western exposure, know as Bnsack's quaii-y (see Pig.), we shall find a 

 section showing heavy, weU defined, nearly horizontal, slightly argihaoeous beds, of a 

 rather fine uniform, compact gram, medium hardness, smooth conchoidal fracture, and 

 bluish gray color. Interstratified with these, are layers having the lumpy nature pre- 

 viously described as occurring in Sec. 36, Gennantown. Tlie layei^ dip eastwarc to 

 about the middle of the quan-y, from which they rise, but not umformly, tor at this 



