4,2i GEOLOGY OF CENTRAL WISCONSIN. 



by rock rapids. They are in many places utilized for milling pur- 

 poses. The eastern side of Waushara county is drained by similar 

 streams, which reach the Fox through Lake Poygau, outside the lim- 

 its of the district, in Fond du Lac county. The following figures 

 with regard to the Fox are taken from the report of Major Charles 

 Sutter, already referred to: 



Distance. Fall. 



Miles. Feet. 



Portage to head of Lake Buffalo 12 7.12 



Head of Lake Buffalo to foot of same 13^ 1-14 



Foot of Lake Buffalo to head of Lalte Puckawa 7 5.22 



Head of Lake Puckawa to foot of same ^M ■1'? 



Foot of Lake Puckawa to Prmoetou 12 .3.35 



Princeton to Berlin bridge 20M 8-32 



Portage to Berlin bridge • • - '^^ 25.32 



The Fox river, at the foot of Winnebago lock at Portage, is 203.1 

 feet above Lake Michigan. 



The remarkable relations of the valleys of the upper Fox and 

 lower Wisconsin, and the probable former drainage southward of 

 the whole basin of the Fox and Wolf rivers, are alluded to on a sub- 

 sequent page. 



SURFACE RELIEFS. 



With the exception of the sand region of Juneau and Adams coun- 

 ties, and portions of the lower Wisconsin valley, no considerable part of 

 the district can be designated as a plain, the surface being everywhere 

 roughened by erosion or heaped up drift. The extremes of elevation 

 are, however, only about 1,100 feet apart, being 1,263 feet for the Eib 

 Hills near Wausau, and 134 feet for the Wisconsin river at Spring 

 Green, both altitudes being referred to Lake Michigan. These are, 

 moreover, at opposite ends of the district, the Pib Hill being itself an 

 isolated ridge 600 feet above the general level. For the most part 

 the region lies between 200 and 900 feet above Lake Michigan, whilst 

 the changes of level in any one vicinity, except in such districts as 

 that of the Sauk quartzite ranges, but rarely reach 300 feet. 



The general surface slopes and the extents of the hydrographic ba- 

 sins have already been indicated. The watersheds need further re- 

 mark, those separating the four great basins of the district especially 

 meriting our attention. The high ground which sheds in different 

 directions the waters of the Wisconsin and the Fox begins in town- 



