182 LEAFLETS. 



only 3 prominent : peduncles filiform, pendulous, mostly 1-flow- 

 ered, when 3-flowered the pedicels very unequal : perianth very 

 small, i lines long, of a very deep green, darker than the foliage. 

 Winona, Minnesota, 9 June, 1885, John M. Holzinger ; type 

 in U. S. Herb. 



Mutations in Viola 



Among the North American violets that have been first brought 

 into notice through my researches during the last ten years, there 

 are several which, at the time of their publication I indicated 

 as being perhaps mere abrupt metamorphoses, so to speak, of 

 more common and familiar forms; abrupt though perhaps per- 

 manent deviations from the names of other species ; distinguish- 

 able and demanding to be distinguished from mere varieties by 

 the abruptness of their divergence from their parent types, not 

 showing those intergradations with it which subsist between 

 varieties and their respective type species. 



Over and above those recognized by me at the outset as prob- 

 able mutations, there are others which I did not at first suspect 

 of having had snch origin, but which I have since learned to 

 think of as probably belonging to that category; and I wish 

 without further delay, to make a list of all which I now view in 

 the light indicated, not excluding from the list a few quite old 

 species — published as such, at least — the very names of which 

 are at this date half-forgotten. 



V. INDIVI8A, Greene, Pitt. v. 124, t. 13. To the detailed 

 account of this given at the place cited I have to record some 

 extension of its known range. It seems to occur in very typical 

 condition in the immediate vicinity of Chicago. U. S. Herb, 

 sheet, n. 313,261, over a label reading " Flora of Chicago. Col- 

 lected by W. S. Moffatt, M. D.," contains four specimens, of 

 which three are V. pedatifida with leaf segments wider than usual, 

 the fourth exactly V. indivisa. The indication of special locality 

 is " Claybanks." Sheet 339,398, by L. M. Umbach from Naper- 

 ville, very near Chicago, 18 May, 1897, is occupied by four spec- 

 imens of pure V. indivisa, and in petaliferous flower. The 

 corollas are larger than in those garden-grown specimens d^scrib^d 



