MUTATIONS IK VIOLA. 183 



and figured, but the petals are so evidently notched that this 

 must be accepted for one mark of the form ; this notwithstand- 

 ing that there are occasional hints of the emarginate in those of 

 K. pedatifida. 



V. Beenardi, Greene, Pitt. iii. 260, also partly (and especially 

 as to probable origin) Pitt. v. 133, and partly that of Pollard in 

 Britton, Man. 635. Stout and low, the whole plant at petalifer- 

 0U8 flowering only 4 or 5 inches high, the hirtellous petioles no 

 more than twice the length of the leaves, these flabelliform, often 

 broadly and roundedly so, yet only sub truncate at base, never 

 cordate, but the middle basal portion tapering abruptly to the 

 petiole : petaliferous flowers borne barely above the foliage, large, 

 deep purple as to the petals ; sepals lance oval, obtuse, somewhat 

 serrulately ciliolate. Autumnal state not taller than the vernal, 

 glabrate, copiously fructiferous from apetalous flowers, the cap- 

 sules borne quite above the foliage and large, oblong, fully \ inch, 

 obtuse, of more than twice the length of the small narrow long- 

 auricled sepals. Leaves of all stages cleft to near the middle 

 into 9 to 13 oblong straightish (not falcate) obtuse segments. 



This is the first proper diagnosis that has been given of what 

 I had in mind as i^. Bemardi. Much of what I and others have, 

 in the last seven or eight years, referred to it I now see must be 

 excluded. The actual type specimen of V Bernardi is a petal- 

 iferous one in my herbarium collected by me at Albion, Wis., 

 May, 1866. Doubtless the very same, specifically, is one from 

 Plattsville, in the same part of Wisconsin, by S. M. Tracy, 1 

 Nov., 1887, also in D. S. Herb., this my type for the autumnal 

 state ; but there is a better sheet of precisely the same from Riley 

 Co., Kansas, 9 Sept., 1895, by J. B. Norton. 



These autumnal specimens present points of contrast with 

 those of V. pedatifida which must here be indicated. A perfect 

 type of the last is in my herbarium, collected by myself in a 

 typical prairie locality near Sandoval, Illinois, 1898, is just a foot 

 high, its fruiting peduncles only 5 to 6 inches, therefore borne 

 distinctly and far below the leaves. Another sheet by me, taken 

 at Prairie du Chien, Wis., the same year, is 10 inches high, with 

 peduncles of only 2 to 3 inches, or of less than one-third the 



