292 POULTRY CULTURE 



tines, after being opened and thoroughly washed, are placed 

 in a closed tank and cooked. After the fat is run off the resi- 

 due is drained of its water and the sohd placed in a dryer and, 

 by the application of heat furnished by steam-pipes and agita- 

 tion, is dried, after which it is ground. This makes a low- 

 grade meat meal, which is usually sold as tankage and carries 

 a digestibility of from 40 to 60 per cent. 



Ground dry hone and cut green bone make excellent animal 

 protein, furnishing at the same time much needed mineral 

 matter, the mineral matter is principally calcium. The 

 young and developing chick rapidly undergoes bone expansion 

 and development requiring much calcium. 



Dried fish scrap is obtainable along the coasts, and usually 

 contains about 44.1 per cent, protein and 10.3 per cent. fat. 

 Fish scrap, fed in large quantities, may impart ah objectionable 

 flavor to the flesh and eggs. 



Jull reports that 10 per cent, fish scrap in the dry mash did 

 not cause the eggs or meat of the fowl to be flavored of fish. 



Beet pulp, while constituting a valuable feed for cattle for 

 both fattening and milk production and for finishing sheep, 

 could not be strongly recommended for poultry feeding. It 

 is rather woody, hard to digest, and contains but 0.6 per cent, 

 protein, 7.3 per cent, carbohydrates, and no fat. When beet 

 pulp is fed it should first be soaked in water for twelve hours. 



Hot mash given in the evening on cold days has a stimulating 

 effect upon egg production. It is made by taking a quantity 

 of bran shorts or middlings and scalding with boiling water. 

 Sometimes mashed cooked vegetables, as potatoes, turnips, 

 or rutabagas, are added. 



Ensilage is also fed in some localities in the midwinter 

 season. 



Ensilage fed uncooked may cause sour crop which may be 

 followed by diarrhea. If silage be fed it should be cooked. 



Succulent feed is essential to breeding stock as well as to egg 

 production. Succulent feed may be furnished in the form of 

 cabbage, mangel, rutabaga, turnip, sprouted oats, or pasture 

 of rape, clover, oats, or rye. The pasture should be used when 

 it is from 1 to 2 inches high. 



