ACROSS THE SUB-ARCTICS OF CANADA 



walrus hunter with success, using a rifle only to dispatch 

 my victims after they had been secured by one or more har- 

 poons with attached floats. The few hides that I procured 

 at that time were sold in the English market for 6d. per 

 pound, and this, I believe, is about the market price to-day. 

 The weight of a single hide will average about two hundred 

 and fifty pounds, and the ivory tusks, which weigh any- 

 where from two to ten pounds, are worth about 75c. per 

 pound. The oil derived from walrus blubber is of rather 

 inferior quality, and therefore not of great value. The total 

 marketable products of a single adult walrus will, therefore, 

 be worth between $30.00 and $40.00. 



The Square-flipper, Bearded or Big Seal ranlts next in 

 size to the walrus, being commonly about eight feet in 

 length, and is widely distributed, though not very numerous. 

 The hide is largely used by the Eskimos for the best grades 

 of leather^ and the oil product also is of considerable value. 



The Harp or Saddlehach Seal is the species most com- 

 monly found in great numbers off the banks of Newfound- 

 land, but it is not frequently met Avith in Hudson Bay, 

 though quite commonly in the strait. It is valuable for hide 

 and oil products. 



The Ringed or Jar Seal, though the smallest, is the most 

 common and abundant species found in Hudson Bay and 

 adjacent waters. Its flesh, with that of the walrus and the 

 reindeer, forms the chief food of the Eskimos, whilst its pelt 

 is equally useful in the manufacture of tents and clothing. 

 The hide and oil products of this seal would form valuable 

 articles of commerce. 



The Harbor or Freshivater Seal is the fifth and last 

 variety of this animal found in Hudson Bay or adjacent 

 waters, and though not numerous, it is widely distributed. 

 It is highly prized by the Eskimos because of its beautiful 

 dark, rich furry coat, that of the young being soft and rich, 

 somewhat like that of the fur seal. Unlike the other 



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