90 STUDY OF COMMON PLANTS. 



BUTTER- AND-EGGS. Linaria vulgaris. Mill. 



I. Place some of the dry capsules in water and watch 

 them for a few minutes. Observe and record any changes 

 that take place. 



II. Ascertain the following facts : 



1. Number of carpels. 



2. Position of placentse. 



3. Mode of dehiscence. 



CLIMBING BITTER-SWEET. Celastrus scandens, L. 



I. Examine the dry fruits, noting the number, shape, 

 and position of the reflexed valves. 



II. Compare specimens that have been soaked in water 

 an hour or more and note differences. 



III. Ascertain the number of seeds and describe them. 

 They are surrounded by a brightly colored aril.^ 



IV. Classify the fruit and describe the mode of 

 dehiscence. 



CRANBERRY. Vaccinium macrocarpon, Ait. 



I. Note critically the external features, including the 

 presence or absence of floral envelopes. Can you deter- 

 mine by inspection of the fruit whether the ovary should 

 be described as superior or inferior ? 



II. Prepare transverse and longitudinal sections. De- 

 termine 



1. The number of carpels. 



2. Position and direction of seeds. Draw and describe. 



1 Cf. Gray, Structural Botany, pp. 308, 309. 



